Warm-Up  What is it called when water enters the ground?  What do you think affects the rate at which water soaks into the soil? What type of soil do you think would allow water to sink in the fastest or the slowest?

Water Quality

Types of Water Pollution  Point Source Pollution – contaminants have an identifiable source  Smokestacks, car tailpipe  Nonpoint Source Pollution  Contaminant source cannot be found  Several farmlands in the same area

Major Sources of Water Pollution  Agriculture: by far the leader  Pesticides, fertilizers  Industrial: factories and powerplants  Mining: surface mining toxics, acids, sediment

Non-Point Water Pollution  Non-Point pollution reaches bodies of water through streets and sewers.  Pesticides, fertilizers are washed off lawns  Animal feces float away from farms  96% of water pollution is from non- point sources

Warm-Up Activity  Water Pollution handout  Answer Review questions  Video  Answer video questions

Wastewater Treatment Plants  Water goes to a treatment plant after it is flushed  Not all harmful substances are removed  Industrial wastewater and storm runoff contain toxic substances that aren’t removed

Physical Properties of Water  Water Temperature  Total Dissolved Solids-Combined living and non-living substances dissolved in water  Agriculture  Point Source Pollution  Discharge from sewage treatment plants  Total Suspended Solids-Living and non-living substances suspended in water

Chemical Properties of Water  pH-Measurement of the hydrogen concentration in water  pH above 7 = Basic  pH below 7 = Acidic  Dissolved Oxygen-Amount of oxygen dissolved in water  Low oxygen levels can kill ecosystems

Biotic Index  Biotic Index-Indicates the types of organisms present in an environment  Used to measure water quality of a stream or river  Measures from (Excellent, Good, Fair or Poor)

River Basins  A river basin is the area that includes the streams that a river is going to feed into  Watersheds (river basins) are separated from each other by areas of higher elevation (ridge lines/divides).

NC River Basins  There are 17 river basins in North Carolina  4 of them empty into the Atlantic Ocean  Some of them flow into South Carolina  The remaining flow westward to the Mississippi River  Important for states to reduce the amount of pollution in the rivers because the rivers do flow to other states