The Time of Elizabeth ( ) What factors led to the increased tension between England and Spain? P

The Time of Elizabeth ( ) Spain was predominant power due to New World riches England  independent church and monarchy England’s wealth came from farming, commerce, and trade

No glaring class distinctions between upper and middle Parliament—nobles, gentry, bourgeoisie (middle class)

The Virgin Queen Never married—no direct heir Well-educated, but an “outcast” through most of her life until accession Greatest politique of the period –Political unity was more important than religious unity

Diplomacy England entered an alliance w/ the Dutch against Spain –English and Dutch privateers (pirates) robbed Spanish ships of wealth Philip II conspired with English Catholics to dispose of Elizabeth, in favor of her Catholic cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots

Mary, Queen of Scots i/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots #Family_treehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wik i/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots #Family_tree P Describe the story and relationship between Mary, Queen of Scots and her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I Background, religion, plots, and death

Mary, Queen of Scots Catholic ruler of Scotland who flees to England for safety Majority of Scots were Presbyterian Forced to abdicate Elizabeth, who has Mary under house arrest for the fear of a Catholic England uprising, uncovers two plots against her life

Mary is compliant with the assassination attempts and is executed by Elizabeth in 1587 ending all Catholic hopes of a bloodless reconciliation with Protestant England and leads to the invasion of the Spanish Armada

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The Defeat of the Spanish Armada Following the assassination of Mary, Queen of Scots, Philip II declared war on England Sir Francis Drake of England, shells the Spanish port of Cadiz and raids Portugal delaying the invasion of the Spanish Armada

a huge Spanish fleet of 130 ships and 25,000 sailors is crushed by the swifter defending British navy (1/3 of the Armada never return to Spain) Protestant resistance everywhere is given hope and Spain is never again a world power Marks the beginning of the fall of Spanish naval power and the rise of the British naval dominance

The Golden Age of Elizabeth English literature—era of Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, and Francis Bacon Dutch and English began to chip away at Spain’s hold on the New World Elizabeth died on March 23, 1603 leaving even a stronger nation than her father left –NO HEIR to the throne