The Passive Voice

被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用 被动语态。被动语态由助动词 be+ 过去分词构成，时态通过 be 表现出 来。 被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用 被动语态。被动语态由助动词 be+ 过去分词构成，时态通过 be 表现出 来。

1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S( 主语） +am/is /are + 过去分词

They play football on Sunday. They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beilun. We make these machines in Beilun. People speak English as the first language in UK. People speak English as the first language in UK. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. Computers are often used by them in class. These machines are made in Beilun. English is spoken as the first language in UK. We hope that tomorrow will be a sunny day. It is hoped that tomorrow will be a sunny day.

2. They bought ten computers last term ． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时： S+was/were + 过去分词

They built the tall building last year. They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting. They used this room for resting. They planted many trees years ago. They planted many trees years ago. The tall building was built by them last year. His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday. Our classroom was cleaned by us just now. This room was used for resting by them. Many trees were planted by them years ago.

3.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will/shall+be+ 过去分词 S+ is/am/are going to be+ 过去分词

We will hold a sports meeting next week. We will hold a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring. The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring. Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow. Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow. A sports meeting will be held by us next week. Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow. A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon. Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring. The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.

4 ． Amy can take good care of Gina ． Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+ 过去分词

1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well. 5.Jim could do it yesterday. The baby can be taken care of by him. The picture may be drawn by Lucy. The lights must be turned off by you. English should be learned well by them. It could be done by Jim yesterday.

Some workers are painting the rooms now ． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being + 过去分词

I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night ． My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+ 过去分词

We have made twenty more keys ． Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+ 过去分词

各种时态的被动语态构成 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 情态动词： 一般将来时： 现在进行时： 现在完成时： 过去进行时： S+am/is /are +done S+was/were +done S+ can/may/must/should + be+ done S+ will+be+ done S+ am/is/are + being + done S+ have/has + been+ done S+ was/were+being+ done

练习： 1.Many people speak English. 2.They made computers in the U.S.A. 3.People used knives for cutting things. 4.People used metal for making machines. 5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou. 6.They speak English in Canada. English is spoken by many people. Computers were made in the U.S.A. Knives were used for cutting things (by people). Metal was used for making machines (by people). Silk is produced in Suzhou and Hangzhou (by them). English is spoken in Canada (by them).

7.They write business letters in English. 8.They grow rice in South China. 9.They plant many trees in North China. 10.Lu Xun wrote this book. 11.The workers built some bridges. 12.We can use the box as a table. 13.We should clean the classroom every day. Business letters are written in English by them. Rice is grown in South China (by them). Many trees are planted in North China (by them). This book was written by Luxun. Some bridges were built by the workers. The box can be used as a table (by us). The classroom should be cleaned (by us) every day.

Make rules for your class Use passive voice.( 被动语态 ) For example, 1. The classroom should be cleaned twice a day. 2. No smoking is allowed. …

被动语态中的特殊情况 1. 不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语 态时，仍然要带上介词。 e.g. The students listen to the teacher carefully in class. 被动句： The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class. e.g. They look after the new students in the school. e.g. They look after the new students in the school. 被动句： The new students are looked after by them in the school.

2. 当动词带有复合宾语 ( 有宾补 ), 并且宾补是省去 “ to ” 的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上 “ to ” e.g. They make us do all the work. e.g. They make us do all the work. 被动句： We are made to do all the work by them. e.g. We often hear her sing songs. e.g. We often hear her sing songs. 被动句： She is often heard to sing songs by us. e.g. I saw him walk to school. e.g. I saw him walk to school. 被动句： He was seen to walk to school by me. 这些动词真奇怪，主动句中 to 离开，被动句中 to 回 来。（ let ， have ， make ， feel ， see,watch, hear,notice … )

3. 当动词带双宾语时 ( 一个宾语是指人，一个是指 物 ) ，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时， 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语 提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前 应加 “ to ” 或 “ for ” 。常见加 to 的动词有 give ， send, teach ， write, show, pass, ask, tell … 常见加 for 的动词有 make, draw, buy … 3. 当动词带双宾语时 ( 一个宾语是指人，一个是指 物 ) ，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时， 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语 提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前 应加 “ to ” 或 “ for ” 。常见加 to 的动词有 give ， send, teach ， write, show, pass, ask, tell … 常见加 for 的动词有 make, draw, buy … e.g. He gives me a flower everyday. e.g. He gives me a flower everyday. 被动 1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动 1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动 2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. 被动 2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. 被动 1 I was bought a computer by my mother. 被动 1 I was bought a computer by my mother. 被动 2 A computer was bought for me by my mother. 被动 2 A computer was bought for me by my mother.

练习：将下列句子变为被动句。 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. 2.The mother looked after the baby in the room. 2.The mother looked after the baby in the room. 3.We took care of the things. 3.We took care of the things. 4.They gave us some work. 4.They gave us some work. 5.The boy made them laugh all the time. 6.My mother buys me a bike. 6.My mother buys me a bike. His father is listened to carefully by Lily. The baby was looked after by the mother in the room. The things were taken care of by us. Some work was given to us. We were given some work. They were made to laugh by the boy all the time. I am bought a bike by my mother. A bike is bought for me by my mother.

4. 系动词不用被动语态 （ happen, take place) ： ---This dish smells delicious. ---Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 5. 表示状态的动词没有被动语态 (belong to, last) ---The meeting lasted two hours. ---This ancient vase belongs to me.

6. 有些动词意思上是被动，形式上却要用主 动， 其主语通常是物。 wash, sell, read, blame 等。 ---This kind of cloth washes very well.( 耐洗） ---Each duck sells five yuan. ---The sign reads “ Stop ” ---You are to blame.

1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives ______ ______ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month. are used are cleaned ( 变被动语态）

5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them. was made to have can be used

3.I found the ticket on the floor. ______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She ______ _______ to return the book in time. The ticket was found was told

9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______. we were given were given to us

7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _______ our work______ _______ today? Were many trees planted Must be finished

10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory. was asked is done

12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day. can be mended must be taken

14.The students in this school study German. German _______ ________ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? ______ this question often _______ about _______ _______? is studied Is talked by them

1. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He _______ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing C. was killed D. was killing 高考链接 C 解析：答案 C 。根据题意，此处需用被动 形式表达被动意义， B 项时态不对。

2. Visitors _______ not to touch the exhibits. A. will request B. request A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested C. are requesting D. are requested 高考链接 D 解析：答案 D 。题意为 “ 要求参观者不要动 展品 ” ，需用被动结构。

Sailing Races Sailing races are held on the lake at 11:30 Tuesday Food is served between 12:00 and 14:00 every day Children under 12 cannot be admitted.

Homework : 1.He cleans the classroom everyday. 2.They finished their homework. 3.I can mend his bike. 4.She will buy ten books tomorrow. 5.We shouldn’t allow them to go out with their friends. 6.The old man often makes us laugh.