NASA Green Aviation Challenge David Axel Virzi Marina Correia William Tejada

The Challenge Design non-conventional aircraft to assist in the goals set forth in the NASA metrics below Noise reduction, reduced fuel consumption, and weight reduction

Problem Statement Aerodynamic design of a 200 passenger aircraft for Drag reduction Reduced fuel consumption Lower acoustic signature Weight reduction Incorporation of co-flow jet on a morphing wing to assist in aforementioned requirements by Increased laminar flow Adaptability to various flight conditions Reduction of mechanical components

Conventional Aircraft Tube design is not the most aerodynamically efficient design Design features several surfaces such as the vertical and horizontal stabilizers that increase the overall drag of the aircraft Passenger and cargo limitations – large aircraft such as the Boeing 747 and Airbus A380 feature tall designs that induce a lot of drag

Airframe Design Comparison Type of Design Drag Coefficient Lift Coefficient Fuel Efficiency Acoustic Signature Maneuverability Cargo Area Conventional Aircraft Canard Blended Wing Body Flying Wing (A star signifies an option that best fits that category) Canard Design Flying Wing Design

Blended Wing Body Design BWB designs feature lower drag coefficients and higher lift coefficients than conventional passenger aircraft designs Unconventional designs can carry 800 passengers while using 20-25% less fuel

Conventional Wings Conventional wings on passenger aircraft contain thousands of moving parts that add weight and contribute to difficulty in maintenance Control surfaces needed to control the aircraft cannot adapt to different flight conditions Current control surfaces disrupt smooth airflow

Morphing Wings Can compensate for various flight stages Smoothly redirect airflow with minimal turbulence and drag Overall weight can be reduced through elimination of excessive mechanical parts In conjunction with carbon fiber reinforced composites, wings can be designed to deform to their desired shape

Actuation Design Alternatives Method Comments Shape Memory Alloy Easy shape design, low power required Piezo-electric Can be very small, high voltage required Electromagnetic Relatively large, require high force Servo Cheap, weak force for actuation Shape Memory Alloy Piezo-Electric Actuation

Co-Flow Jet CFJ flow control significantly enhances properties of lift and drag Maintaining attached flow reduces fuel consumption and noise emissions

Performance Metrics Flight Condition Altitude Velocity Metric Take off Sea Level 0 - VLO Min Accel. Time Climb 1 Vbest rate of climb Max R.O.C. Climb 2 30,000 ft Cruise 1 Vbest range Max Range Cruise 2 Acceleration M = 0.5 Max Accel. Instant Turn Corner Speed Max Turn Rate Sustained Turn Vbest turn rate Landing Vapproach Min Power

Timeline

The End Questions?