Ch 11 The First World War Section I World War I Begins

Causes of World War I 4 long-term causes 4 long-term causes –Nationalism –Imperialism .... –Militarism .... –Alliances .... ....

Alliances Triple Entente Allies Triple Alliance Central Powers FranceBritainRussiaFranceBritainRussiaItaly United States Germany Austria- Hungary Italy Germany Ottoman Empire

An Assassination Leads to War Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated by __________________________________ Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated by __________________________________ On July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on ______________ On July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on ______________ Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary and ___________ Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary and ___________ Germany declared war on Russia and her ally of ______________ Germany declared war on Russia and her ally of ______________ Germany marched through Belgium, Britain declares war on Both ______________________________________ Germany marched through Belgium, Britain declares war on Both ______________________________________

The Fighting Starts On August 3, 1914, Germany invaded Belgium (____________________) On August 3, 1914, Germany invaded Belgium (____________________) Trench Warfare, __________________________________ __________________________________ _______ Trench Warfare, __________________________________ __________________________________ _______ Fighting for yards of ground Fighting for yards of ground

Americans Question Neutrality Most Americans saw no reason to enter WWI Most Americans saw no reason to enter WWI _____________________ _____________________ British _________________ British _________________ –Showed the harshness of Germany Economic ties ____________________ Economic ties ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

War Hits Home The British Blockade The British Blockade –. U-Boat Response U-Boat Response –. –Lusitania –

Sinking of the Arabic and Sussex The U.S. warned that they would break off diplomatic ties with _______________ The U.S. warned that they would break off diplomatic ties with _______________

The United States Declares War Declares WarDeclares War On 1/31/1917 Kaiser Wilhelm announced _____ On 1/31/1917 Kaiser Wilhelm announced _____ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Zimmermann note – Zimmermann note – Mexico would occupy the U.S. and in return they would get the lost territory of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona Mexico would occupy the U.S. and in return they would get the lost territory of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona Sinking of ____unarmed U.S. Merchant ships Sinking of ____unarmed U.S. Merchant ships Russia’s monarchy was replaced with a ___________________________________ Russia’s monarchy was replaced with a ___________________________________

U.S. Declares War April 2, 1917 Wilson asks for a declaration of war April 2, 1917 Wilson asks for a declaration of war Make the world “_________________ _________________” Make the world “_________________ _________________”

Section 2 American Power Tips the Balance

America Mobilizes Selective Service Act – __________ Selective Service Act – __________ Selective Service Act Selective Service Act Mass Production – ________________ Mass Production – _______________________________________________ –Capitalist money drives production America turns the tide America turns the tide –___________________ –Freshness and enthusiasm (_____________)

American Expeditionary Force led by John J. Pershing American Expeditionary Force led by John J. Pershing Weapons Weapons –Airplane ( surveillance to bombs )

New Hazards Shell shock, battle fatigue, emotional collapse Shell shock, battle fatigue, emotional collapse Trench foot – Trench foot – Trench foot Trench foot Trench mouth Trench mouth Trench mouth Trench mouth

American Troops Allies Stop German Advance Russia pulls out of war 1917; __________________________________ Russia and Germany sign the __________ ___________________________________ - come within 50 miles of Paris Americans help stop German advance,

The Collapse of Germany November 3, 1918, _____________________________________ ____________________________________ German sailors, soldiers rebel; socialists establish German republic - Kaiser gives up throne Germans exhausted; armistice, __________________________________ __________________________________

The Final Toll World War I bloodiest war in history to date more than half of 22 million dead are civilians 20 million more are wounded 10 million people become refugees

Vocabulary (15 words) Section 1 Section 1 –Nationalism –Militarism –Allies –No man’s land Section 2 Section 2 –Eddie Rickenbacker –American Expeditionary Force –Alvin York –Conscientious objector Section 3 Section 3 –Great Migration Section 4 Section 4 –14 points –League of Nations –Georges Clemenceau –War-guild clause –reparations –Henry Cabot Lodge