Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. CHAPTER 50 Gene Therapy and Pharmacogenomics

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Gene Therapy  Core competencies in genetics essential for all health care professionals  Covers the areas that health professionals should understand  Knowledge  Skills  Attitudes

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chromosomes  Somatic cells  Have 23 pairs of chromosomes  Sex cells  Sperm cells or egg cells  Have 23 unpaired (single) chromosomes

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Genes  Alleles  Dominant or recessive  Phenotype  Genotype  Genetic diseases  Genetic predisposition

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Genetics  Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)  Chromosomes  Chromatin  Four organic bases in DNA  Adenine (A)  Thymine (T)  Guanine (G)  Cytosine (C)

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Genetics (cont’d)  Ribonucleic acid (RNA)  Nucleotide  Nucleoside  Protein synthesis  Transcription of DNA

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Genetics (cont’d)  The Human Genome Project  Started in 1990, completed in 2003  Scientific project with the purpose of mapping the entire DNA sequence (genome) of a human being  Gene therapy

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Gene Therapy (cont’d)  Using genetic material to treat or prevent disease  Gene transfer  Recombinant forms of drugs  Regulatory and ethical issues  Eugenics

Mosby items and derived items © 2007, 2005, 2002 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Gene Therapy (cont’d)  Pharmacogenomics  Genetic polymorphisms  Personalized medicine  Clinical applications of pharmacogenomics