Warm Up In your notebook – answer the questions below: In your notebook – answer the questions below: What is a revolution? What is a revolution? What would cause a revolution? What would cause a revolution?

Agricultural Revolution

New CHMS Policy Debate Uniforms: Uniforms: White polo or button up shirt White polo or button up shirt Ties – regular or bow Ties – regular or bow Boys: Pants Boys: Pants Girls: Pants or knee length skirts, no pleats Girls: Pants or knee length skirts, no pleats No jewelry (girls may wear studs) No jewelry (girls may wear studs) Closed toe shoes Closed toe shoes

What changes created the Agricultural Revolution and what were the results? What changes created the Agricultural Revolution and what were the results?

Copy Vocabulary Industrialization – the development of industries for the machine production of goods Industrialization – the development of industries for the machine production of goods Capital – material wealth in the form of money Capital – material wealth in the form of money Entrepreneur – a person who manages and takes on the risks of a business Entrepreneur – a person who manages and takes on the risks of a business Yield – to produce something Yield – to produce something Raw Material – natural resources used to make something else (timber, coal, iron) Raw Material – natural resources used to make something else (timber, coal, iron)

Background Remember, Revolution means drastic change Remember, Revolution means drastic change What was life like for ordinary people in the 1600s – 1700s? What was life like for ordinary people in the 1600s – 1700s? Most were farmers Most were farmers Worked hours a day outside Worked hours a day outside Hard to provide for your family, much less others Hard to provide for your family, much less others

Where does the Agricultural Revolution begin? British citizens need more food British citizens need more food Farms are still being ran on the medieval strip system Farms are still being ran on the medieval strip system Napoleonic Wars starting to play havoc Napoleonic Wars starting to play havoc Needed to do something to feed their citizens and continue to grow good crops Needed to do something to feed their citizens and continue to grow good crops

Why does the Ag. Rev. begin in England? Need to feed people in growing towns Need to feed people in growing towns Prices were high so need to produce more Prices were high so need to produce more Other countries such as France were at war or having revolutions – England could focus on inventions Other countries such as France were at war or having revolutions – England could focus on inventions New ideas about farming take hold New ideas about farming take hold

Old System Field left fallow People have to walk over your strips to reach theirs No hedges or fences Because land is different fields, takes time to get to each field No proper drainage Animals can trample crops and spread disease Difficult to take advantage of new farming techniques

Why is this process not working? Inefficient Inefficient Only produces enough food to feed your family Only produces enough food to feed your family Towns are growing, need food Towns are growing, need food Napoleon disallows corn and other crops to leave France Napoleon disallows corn and other crops to leave France

So now what? Enclosure system Enclosure system Essentially blocking off land Essentially blocking off land Open fields are divided up Open fields are divided up If you could prove you owned land, you got some If you could prove you owned land, you got some Hedges, fences Hedges, fences How might this system cause problems? How might this system cause problems?

Selective Breeding What does it do/what is the purpose? What does it do/what is the purpose? Only let the strongest and fittest livestock mate Only let the strongest and fittest livestock mate Goal: get top quality livestock Goal: get top quality livestock What were the effects of this innovation or idea? What were the effects of this innovation or idea? Top quality livestock – prices increase Top quality livestock – prices increase Larger pigs, sheep, and cattle are produced meaning more food for people Larger pigs, sheep, and cattle are produced meaning more food for people

Mechanical Reaper

Cotton Gin

Seed Drill

Overall Effects of Ag Rev Increase in food supply Increase in food supply Population Growth (especially in cities) Population Growth (especially in cities) Larger farms Larger farms Smaller farmers leave and move to cities Smaller farmers leave and move to cities Mechanization of farming Mechanization of farming Opens door for Industrial Revolution Opens door for Industrial Revolution

You do not need to write down the following. Simply pay attention to the changes

Pre-Agricultural Revolution Facts Avg. weight of cattle: 378 lbs Avg. weight of cattle: 378 lbs Avg. weight of sheep: 28 lbs Avg. weight of sheep: 28 lbs European pop. (1700): 100 million European pop. (1700): 100 million American pop. (1800): 5 million American pop. (1800): 5 million Wheat production (1700): 12 bushels per acre Wheat production (1700): 12 bushels per acre Farm size of 200 acres or more in England (1700): 19% Farm size of 200 acres or more in England (1700): 19%

Post-Agricultural Revolution Facts Avg. weight of cattle: 840 lbs Avg. weight of cattle: 840 lbs Avg. weight of sheep: 100 lbs Avg. weight of sheep: 100 lbs European pop. (1800): 203 million European pop. (1800): 203 million American pop. (1850): 23 million American pop. (1850): 23 million Wheat production (1800): 23 bushels per acre Wheat production (1800): 23 bushels per acre Farm size of 200 acres or more in England (1800): 52% Farm size of 200 acres or more in England (1800): 52%

Good vs. Bad What if you couldn’t prove you owned the land? What if you couldn’t prove you owned the land? What if you didn’t have money for hedges, fences, or to pay to map the land? What if you didn’t have money for hedges, fences, or to pay to map the land? Who gains the most from this? Why? Who gains the most from this? Why? What problems do you foresee in the future? What problems do you foresee in the future?