Lecture 20 – Epigenomics – Animals Lecture 20 – Epigenomics – Animals BIOL 5190/6190 Cellular & Molecular Singal Transduction Prepared by Bob Locy Last modified -13F

Epigenetic Regulation by piwi-associated DNA methylation in Mammalian Germline Bucher et al., (2012) Current Opinion in Plant Biology 15 (5): Bucher et al., (2012) Current Opinion in Plant Biology 15 (5):

Animal piwi-RNA and DNA methylation Animal piwi-RNA and DNA methylation In mammals, DNA methylation and demethylation are involved in diverse processes including: 1.early embryogenesis 1.stem cell differentiation 1.genomic imprinting 75, 221, Mayer W, Niveleau A, Walter J, Fundele R, Haaf T. Demethylation of the zygotic paternal genome. Nature 2000; 403:501–502. Haaf T. Methylation dynamics in the early mammalian embryo: implications of genome reprogramming defects for development. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2006; 310:13–22. Watanabe D, Suetake I, Tada T, Tajima S. Stage- and cell-specific expression of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b during embryogenesis. Mech Dev 2002; 118:187–190. Latham T, Gilbert N, Ramsahoye B. DNA methylation in mouse embryonic stem cells and development. Cell Tissue Res 2008; 331:31–55. Reik W, Walter J. Genomic imprinting: parental influence on the genome. Nat Rev Genet 2001; 2:21–32. Ideraabdullah FY, Vigneau S, Bartolomei MS. Genomic imprinting mechanisms in mammals. Mutat Res 2008; 647:77–85.

Animal piwi-RNA and DNA methylation (cont) Animal piwi-RNA and DNA methylation (cont) J.R., and Pikaard, C.S Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 12:483– X chromosome inactivation 4.silencing of repetitive elements DNA methylation is also involved in regulating neuronal development and development of cancers 225, 226. Heard E, Disteche CM. Dosage compensation in mammals: fine-tuning the expression of the X chromosome. Genes Dev 2006; 20:1848–1867. Senner CE, Brockdorff N. Xist gene regulation at the onset of X inactivation. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2009; 19:122–126. Chen RZ, Pettersson U, Beard C, Jackson-Grusby L, Jaenisch R, DNA hypomethylation leads to elevated mutation rates. Nature 1998; 395:89–93. Dulac C. Brain function and chromatin plasticity. Nature 2010; 465:728–735. Feinberg AP, Ohlsson R, Henikoff S, The epigenetic progenitor origin of human cancer. Nat Rev Genet 2006; 7:21–33.

Feinberg AP et al. (2005) The epigenetic progenitor origin of human cancer Nat Rev gene. 7: 21–33 doi: /nri1748 Figure 1 The clonal genetic model of cancer.

Feinberg AP et al. (2005) The epigenetic progenitor origin of human cancer Nat Rev gene. 7: 21–33 doi: /nri1748 Figure 2 The epigenetic progenitor model of cancer.

Genomic and epigenomic regualtion of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity Toubal et al. Toubal et al. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2013

Genomic and epigenomic regualtion of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity Toubal et al. Toubal et al. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2013

Genomic and epigenomic regualtion of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity Toubal et al. Toubal et al. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2013

Genomic and epigenomic regualtion of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity Toubal et al. Toubal et al. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2013