Serving society Stimulating innovation Supporting legislation EVS Draft-GTR – Questions Relating to Venting/Gas Emissions N. Lebedeva, A. Kriston, V. Ruiz, F. di Persio, A.Pfrang, L. Brett JRC-Institute for Energy and Transport GTR meeting, Paris, March 19 th 2015

REESS ElectrolyteAqueousNon-aqueous CellOpen-typeSealed Venting and gas composition In use Venting is expected during normal operation Emissions of mainly H 2 and O 2  Flammable Venting is not expected during normal operation Emissions of mainly H 2 and O 2  Flammable Venting is not expected during normal operation Emissions of a wide spectrum of gases, often include volatile organic compounds  Flammable, Toxic, Corrosive Post-crash Venting can occur Emissions of mainly H 2 and O 2  Flammable Venting can occur Emissions of mainly H 2 and O 2  Flammable Venting can occur Emissions of a wide spectrum of gases, often includes volatile organic compounds  Flammable, Toxic, Corrosive Gas emissions/venting Configurations and related Potential hazards

Gas emissions/venting Draft GTR overview ElectrolyteAqueousNon-aqueous Open-typeSealed In use REESS 5.X.12, 13, 14 - Requirements/method not elaborated Vehicle 5.1.Y Determination of H2 + Annex X – Method 5.1.X Management of the gases emitted from REESS => Unclear whether requirements and method related to 5.1.X are applicable here in this case 5.1.X Management of the gases emitted from REESS Vehicle design to prevent emissions into the passenger compartment, Verification by visual inspection/drawing analysis 5.1.X Management of the gases emitted from REESS Vehicle design to prevent emissions into the passenger compartment, Verification by visual inspection/drawing analysis Post-crash REESS and vehicle Not specified

Current draft GTR implies that venting from 'sealed type' REESS is allowed during in-use tests even though: - Venting is not expected under these conditions - Vented gases are flammable, toxic, corrosive Comparable regulation (e.g. R100.02) considers 'sealed type' REESS as emission-free ( and ) and as such no verification is required. It is our understanding that current practice in the field considers venting (sealed-type) a failure. Main concerns Current draft GTR does not address post-crash scenarios when it may be reasonably expected that it will more likely occur. We would like to hear the opinion of IG members on the venting issue.

Gas emissions: Regulation – In use requirements and verification REESS ElectrolyteAqueousNon-aqueous Open-typeSealed In use R Vehicle requirements 5.4. Determination of H 2 emissions Annex 7. Method H 2 determinations 6. REESS requirements Refers to 5.4 Annex 7. Method H 2 determinations 6. REESS requirements Emissions Systems with closed chemical process shall be considered emission free under normal operation e.g. LIB Acceptance criteria For emission free system with closed chemical process no verification is necessary.