Section 3 The Growth of European Kingdoms

Learning Objectives The students will be able to: Explain the significance of the following dates: 1066 and 1215 Describe the impact of the Magna Carta, the development of representative government in England & France, and the development of English common law on the evolution of representative government

The Norman Conquest Battle of Hastings – October 14, 1066 William of Normandy landed on the coast of England and defeated King Harold William was crowned king of England

William’s Tower of London 23

The Doomsday Book 24

First census - list of all English assets

Henry II Enlarged the power of the English monarchy by expanding the power of the royal courts Common law – law that is common to the whole kingdom began to replace law codes that varied from place to place

Power struggle with Archbishop Thomas á Becket Power struggle with Archbishop Thomas á Becket

Becket murdered in the Cathedral 24

June 15, 1215 John forced to sign the Magna Carta

Magna Carta – Great Charter A fuedal document – used to strengthen the idea that the monarch’s power is limited, not absolute

The First Parliament Established 1295 by Edward I

The First Paliament Composed of: –Two knights from every county –Two people from every town –All nobles & bishops Eventually divided into the House of Lords & the House of Commons Granted taxes and passed laws

First French Parliament Philip IV (Philip the Fair) Estates-General – 1302 –First Estate – clergy –Second Estate – nobles –Third Estate – townspeople & peasants

William Wallace rebels against the English

1297 Wallace defeats the English at Stirling Bridge

Robert the Bruce

1314 Bruce destroys the English at Bannockburn