Polyatomic Ions

Common Polyatomic Ions Ion Name Ion Name NH 4 + ammonium nitrite nitrate phosphate hydrogen phosphate dihydrogen phosphate carbonate hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate is a widely used common name) sulfite sulfate hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate is a widely used common name) hydroxide cyanide hypochlorite chlorite chlorate perchlorate acetate permanganate dichromate chromate peroxide NO 2 - NO 3 - SO 3 2- HSO 4 - OH - CN - PO 4 3- CO 3 2- SO 4 2- MnO 4 - O 2 2- Cr 2 O 7 2- HPO 4 2- H 2 PO 4 - ClO 2 - ClO 3 - ClO - HCO 3 - ClO 4 - C2H3O2-C2H3O2- CrO 4 2- Names of Common Polyatomic Ions

Vocabulary - Chemical Bonds Keys Vocabulary – Chemical Bonds

Electronegativities 7 Be 1.5 Al 1.5 Si 1.8 Ti 1.5 V 1.6 Cr 1.6 Mn 1.5 Fe 1.8 Co 1.8 Ni 1.8 Cu 1.9 Zn 1.7 Ga 1.6 Ge 1.8 Nb 1.6 Mo 1.8 Tc 1.9 Ag 1.9 Cd 1.7 In 1.7 Sn 1.8 Sb 1.9 Ta 1.5 W 1.7 Re 1.9 Hg 1.9 Tl 1.8 Pb 1.8 Bi N 3.0 O 3.5 F 4.0 Cl C 2.5 S 2.5 Br 2.8 I Na 0.9 K 0.8 Rb 0.8 Cs 0.7 Ba 0.9 Fr 0.7 Ra 0.9 Below 1.0 H 2.1 B 2.0 P 2.1 As 2.0 Se 2.4 Ru 2.2 Rh 2.2 Pd 2.2 Te 2.1 Os 2.2 Ir 2.2 Pt 2.2 Au 2.4 Po 2.0 At Period Actinides: Li 1.0 Ca 1.0 Sc 1.3 Sr 1.0 Y 1.2 Zr 1.4 Hf 1.3 Mg 1.2 La 1.1 Ac Lanthanides:     1A 2A 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 1B 2B 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A Hill, Petrucci, General Chemistry An Integrated Approach 2 nd Edition, page 373 8B

Metal (fixed) + Non-metal binary -ide NaCl sodium chloride Metal (variable) + Non-metal STOCK system (Roman Numeral) CrCl 2 chromium (II) chloride OLD system [-ic (higher) & -ous (lower)] CuCl 2 cupric chloride Sn stannum Pb plumbum Cu cuprum Au aurum Fe ferrum Polyatomic Ions [-ate (one more O) & -ite (one less O)] LiNO 3 lithium nitrate LiNO 2 lithium nitrite Li 3 N lithium nitride TWO Elements Three or more Elements Review Cu 1+ or Cu 2+ Group 1, Group 2, Ag, Zn, Al Transition Elements Cr 2+ Cl 1- Ternary Compounds (binary compound)

Polyatomic Ions [-ate (one more O) & -ite (one less O)] per____ate NORMAL _____ite hypo_____ite chlorate nitrate carbonate sulfate phosphate ammonium, cyanide, hydroxide Nonmetal & Nonmetal (Greek prefixes)……DO NOT REDUCE! Mono Di Tri Tetra Penta Hexa Hepta Octa Nona Deca ClO 3 1- NO 3 1- CO 3 2- SO 4 2- PO 4 3- NH 4 1+ CN 1- OH 1- chlorite nitrite carbonite sulfite phosphite ClO 2 1- NO 2 1- CO 2 2- SO 3 2- PO 3 3- perchlorate pernitrate percarbonate persulfate perphosphate ClO 4 1- NO 4 1- CO 4 2- SO 5 2- PO less oxygen 1 less oxygen1 more oxygen ClO 1- NO 1- CO 2- SO 2 2- PO 2 3- hypochlorite hyponitrite hypocarbonite hyposulfite hypophosphite Memorize How many atoms are in a formula unit of ammonium hypophosphite? NH 4 1+ PO 2 3- (NH 4 ) 3 PO _____ate