By: Fatalie Forrest, Jenna Rano and Jake Yavorsky

 Uneasy peace and stability since independence in 1960  Clashes between ethnicities and tribes

1. The country was divided into 12 states 2. Lt. Col. Ojukwu was leader of the East region and created the independent state of “Biafra” 3. This act was considered illegal, causing the war to begin on July 6, 1967  1] The tribal and regional tensions between the three main tribes in Nigeria: Hausa [north], Igbo [east] and Yoruba [west]  2] Britains's wanting to maintain control over their interests in Nigeria during and dangerous time  3] The discovery of oil in the south-eastern region of Nigeria and their wanting to seceed in order to maintain control over their reserves - lest the Hausa's who controlled the central gov. at the time took control of it and the revenue gained  4] The political crises leading up to the war [also linking in and being exaserbated by the tribal tensions]: census , electoral fraud, military coup, counter coup, secession of Biafra.

 Biafra military- B25 and B26 airplanes fitted with machine guns  Weapons were scarce before May 1967  A research and production board were established  Researched and manufactured rockets, mines, tanks, grenades, launchers, bombs and flame throwers

 Nigeria  The new country of “Biafra”  The Eastern Region of the country  who received ammunition from France, Spain and Portugal in 1967  Taking the advantage of fighting on their own ground  they constructed fortified pill boxes on the enemy most likely avenues of approach, the major highways connecting the Eastern Region with the rest of the country.  Certain areas assigned

 The Biafrian Army did strategic bombings of major towns causing civilians to join the NA to stomp the resistance  The advance from Nsukka to Enugu started on 12 September 1967  First time they launched their “Red Devil” tanks  By the early 1969, 2nd Infantry Division crossed the Niger River at Idah  The capture of Calabar leaving Biafra closed off from the sea  The surrender of the rebellion by Maj. Gen. Effiong

 1. Capture of Nsukka  2. Capture of Ogoja  3. Capture of Abakaliki  4. Capture of Enugu  Area Command was to be the fighting force  Area Command 2 was in Ibadan-embarked for the defense of Mid-West and border protection  Defense plans

 January 13, 1930: Major General Phillip Effiong and The Biafra Strategic Committee surrender to Nigerian Federal Army: 1. Formally proclaims end to attempted secession 2. Accepts the authority of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria 3. Accepts the present political and administrative structure of Nigeria 4. Nigeria is reunified

 Political Stability  Economic progress  Integrated development  Social justice  Contentment  Epicenter of Africa solidarity

 rCauses.html rCauses.html  /the-nigerian-civil-war-in-picturesiii-the- altercations/ /the-nigerian-civil-war-in-picturesiii-the- altercations/  mmediate_causes_of_Nigerian_civil_war