By. Pola Shim & Minhyo Moon Totalitarianism By. Pola Shim & Minhyo Moon

Totalitarianism A government that takes total, centralized state control over every aspect of public and private life Challenges the highest values prized by Western democracies – reason, freedom, human dignity, and the worth of the individual.

Key Traits of Totalitarianism Dictatorship and One-Party Rule Dynamic Leader Ideology State control over all sectors of Society State control over individual Dependence on Modern Technology Organized Violence

Totalitarian Leaders They appear to provide a sense of security and to give a direction for the future. Hitler (Germany) & Mussolini (Italy)  1920s~1930s: shaping their visions of a totalitarian state Mao Zedong (China)  After 1949: used similar tactics to Stalin’s to establish totalitarian control Kim Il Sung (North Korea)  1948~1994: ruled over a totalitarian Communist state

Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) 1922~1927: began to climb up the top of the government 1922: General secretary of the Communist Party 1924: placed many of his supporters in key positions 1928: total command of the Communist Party 1929: forced Trotsky into exile

Stalin seizes control of the economy Command economy: a system in which the government makes all economic decisions. Under this system, political leaders identify the country’s economic needs and determine how to fulfill them.

Industrial Revolution in Soviet 1928: Stalin outlined the first several Five Year Plans Government: controlled every aspect of the worker’s life Secret police: standing by to imprison/kill people who didn’t contribute 1933: second plan was launched 1928~1937: industrial production increased more than 25%

Agricultural Revolution in Soviet 1928: government began to seize over 25million collective farms  Collective farms: privately owned farms 5mill.~10mill. peasants died  force of Stalin Kulaks: executed or were sent by the government  Kulaks: a class of wealthy peasants 1938: The country produced almost twice the wheat : more than 90% of all peasants lived on collective farms

Life Under Stalin Soviet Women: Education: - won equal rights - helped the state-controlled economy prosper - given new educational opportunities - responsible for housework and child care Education: - was controlled by the government - Children learned the virtues of Communist Party - was not merely indoctrination

Weapons of Totalitarianism Police Terror: Dictators started to use Terror as their weapon for totalitarianism  Great Purge: a campaign of terror launched by Stalin which was directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power ●Indoctrination: instruction in the government’s belief to mold people’s minds. ●Propaganda: biases or incomplete information used to sway people to accept certain beliefs or actions Newspaper and Radio: Radio broadcasting everyday about the glorified the achievements of the dictator and his communism Social Realism: an artistic style that praise Soviet life and Communist values

Religious Persecution Communists aimed in replacing religious teachings The police destroyed great churches and many religious leaders were killed or sent away  Because Communists thought the religious ideas were not a good influence with their idea of Communism.

Comparing Revolutions The Russian Rev. was similar to the French Rev. (more than the American Rev.) Russian Rev. & French Rev. American Rev. Attempted to destroy existing social and political structures Used violence and terror to control people Expanded English political ideas to a constitutional government  That built on many existing structures But Russian Revolution established a totalitarian state.

WHY? The idea of Totalitarianism influenced leaders up to recent times. Recent dictators have used Stalin’s tactics and Totalitarianism ideas for seizing total control over individuals and the state.

Vocabulary Totalitarianism: a government that take total power and control over aspects of public and private life Command economy: a system in which the government make all economic decisions The Five Years Plan: set numerous goals to increase the out put of steel, coal, oil, and electricity Collective farms: privately owned farms Kulaks: executed or sent by the government Socialist Realism: an artistic style that praised soviet life and communist values

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