The European Union

What is the EU ? A “family” of 27 European countries

What is the EU: The Origins The old dream of European brotherhood From enemies to “Family” From war to peace

What is the EU: The Origins Making war unthinkable among Europeans Together managing main materials used in war: coal and steel

What is the EU: Its birth 9 May 1950: Schuman calls for a European Coal and Steel Community 6 founding States decide to share and co- manage coal and steel.

What is the EU: Its birth The 6 founding States decide to share and co- manage other policy areas and to build up an economic union (Treaty of Rome, 1957) Other members joined gradually in the following years

27 Member States Some European countries would also like to join Others prefer not to join for the time being, like Norway and Switzerland A few facts

The EU is over 10 times the size of Japan A few facts

The total population of the EU countries is approximately 4 times the population of Japan. Almost 500 million A few facts

More and more laws that citizens have to follow are decided in Brussels, by the 27 Member States What the EU means for its citizens

Mobile phones EU laws pushing for: Investment in research Making mobile phones work all around Europe Lower Prices Previously different systems in each country, a common one now. What the EU means for its citizens: examples

Principal objects of EU Establish European Citizenship Ensure freedom, security, and justice Promote economic and social progress Assert Europe’s role in the world

European Parliament –elected by the peoples of the Member States Council of the Union –composed of the governments of the Member States European Commission –driving force and executive body Court of Justice –compliance with the law Court of Auditors –sound and lawful management of the EU budget The EU is run by five institutions, each playing a specific role:

The people of the EU are all different but united as Europeans These differences make up European culture The EU has 23 official languages: Dobre rano ! God Morgen ! Goedemorgen ! Good morning ! Tere hommikust ! Hyvää huomenta ! Bonjour ! Guten Morgen ! Kalimera ! Jo reggelt ! Buon giorno ! Labrīt ! Labas Rytas ! L-Ghodwa t-tajba ! Dzień dobry ! Bom dia ! Dobre rano ! Dobro jutro ! Buenos días ! God Morgon ! United Diversity

The EU Headquarters Brussels, Belgium Selected as the headquarters of the European Union because of its centralized location in Europe.

Some historical developments  Completion of the single market in 1993, free movement of persons, goods, services and capital  No need to show passports inside Schengen area

Some historical developments The Euro A single European currency Introduced in countries use the Euro today Bank notes are illustrated with examples of European architecture One side of the coins is different in each Euro country, the other is the same for all

Some historical developments Enlargement: The fall of the Iron Curtain  Reunification of Germany  More countries joined the EU “family” in 2004 (+10 countries) and 2007 (+ Romania and Bulgaria) This is how we came to be 27 Member States!

More countries to join ? Some countries have declared that they want to join and are preparing for it, such as Turkey

EU in the World: a trading power EU is the main exporter in the world EU is the second largest importer EU is the third largest export market for Japan, and its third largest source of imports

EU in the World Sharing the European way with the world Culture of constant consultation and compromise Global challenges to be handled together Just as Japan and the EU will do with their partners at the G8

Facing Climate Change Situation of emergency EU in a leading position  Responsibility of developed economies to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions  all have to participate  Helping the developing world

Facing Climate Change Affordable, ambitious goal EU goals for % of renewable energy - 20% of GHG emissions - 30% if others do their part Benefits from action Lower dependency on imported energy Better health for all A new impetus for our economies

EU in the World: top donor of development aid Development aid (Global solidarity)  The EU provides 55% of total international aid  Promotes peace, prosperity and stability in less-favoured parts of the globe  E.g.: EU emergency and reconstruction help to Afghanistan

The Lisbon Treaty The functioning of the EU is based on Treaties, not on a constitution Last Treaty agreed in Lisbon in December 2007 For the first time, there will be an EU president And a new EU “minister of Foreign Affairs”

The Lisbon Treaty Greater cooperation on more issues More democracy and transparency Fairer voting system and more efficient decision making

The End.