Biochemistry. Starter Define the following terms: Define the following terms: 1. Matter 2. Element 3. Atom 4. Trace Element 5. Compounds 6. Molecule 7.

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Presentation transcript:

Biochemistry

Starter Define the following terms: Define the following terms: 1. Matter 2. Element 3. Atom 4. Trace Element 5. Compounds 6. Molecule 7. Proton 8. Neutron 9. Electron 10. Chemical Reaction 11. Reactants 12. Products 13. Polar 14. Organic 15. Inorganic 16. Monomer 17. Polymer 18. Dehydration 19. Hydrolysis

Molecules Molecules are held together by bonds Molecules are held together by bonds Sharing or giving of electrons Sharing or giving of electrons Form compounds Form compounds Water (H 2 O) Water (H 2 O) The Oxygen shares an electron from each Hydrogen The Oxygen shares an electron from each Hydrogen Polar because more pull from the Oxygen so both ends are oppositely charged. Polar because more pull from the Oxygen so both ends are oppositely charged. All living and nonliving things are composed of compounds All living and nonliving things are composed of compounds

Water VERY IMPORTANT to life VERY IMPORTANT to life 75-90% of body fluids and what are cells are made up of 75-90% of body fluids and what are cells are made up of Temperature moderation Temperature moderation Dissolves other substances Dissolves other substances

Carbon Organic Organic Important to all life Important to all life Major molecules in our body are organic Major molecules in our body are organic Proteins Proteins Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Lipids Lipids Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids

Chemical Reactions Reactants  Products Reactants  Products 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O Can you reverse it? Can you reverse it? What are the reactants and products now? What are the reactants and products now?

Construction and Destruction of Polymers Monomer Monomer Small molecular unit (one) Small molecular unit (one) Polymer Polymer Long chain of monomers Long chain of monomers Dehydration Reaction Dehydration Reaction Creation of a polymer (monomer is added) Creation of a polymer (monomer is added) H 2 O is released H 2 O is released Hydrolysis Reaction Hydrolysis Reaction Breakdown of a polymer Breakdown of a polymer H 2 O is put in H 2 O is put in

Hydrolysis Reaction – Notice the addition of water

Dehydration reaction – notice the loss of water