You need to be able to describe the distribution of energy production.

Topic 1= Energy Security The topic is split into 3 key questions: To what extent is the world's energy 'secure' at present ? Energy supply, demand and security 2. What are the potential impacts of an increasingly 'energy insecure' world? The impacts of Energy Insecurity 3. What might the world's energy future be? Energy Security and the future

Energy-Issues-Contested Planet….

Energy-Issues-Contested Planet…. 1. Supply-demand and security 2 Energy-Issues-Contested Planet…. 1. Supply-demand and security 2. Impacts:environmental and socio economic issues 3. Futures- alternatives, renewables, conservation, efficiency…….. Oil exploration Arctic Expansion nuclear power UK eg Sizewell Energy crisis - oil peak Kingsnorth coal powerstation + Grenpeace protest Hybrid car- less energy Alternatives for future? Key supply player: OPEC Renewables: wind farm Thames Estuary ARRAY and wave: Anaconda system

What does it mean to be energy secure? To have ENERGY SECURITY means to have access to reliable and affordable energy sources E.g. Russia Countries that do not have this are said to be ENERGY INSECURE Key terms – learn and use

Achieving Energy Security Factors important are: Control over supplies Control over prices Having a variety of energy sources to call on Political stability (in supply region as well as demand region)

Energy security can be threatened by: Rapid increase in prices (oil 2004) Instability of suppliers (Georgia 2008) Manipulation of supply and process Attack on infrastructure (terrorism) Competition from expanding economies e.g. China Environmental legislation which adds to the costs of finding, transporting and processing the resource

Energy security can be improved by: Greater energy efficiency Greater energy self-sufficiency Decentralization of energy production Short term stockpiles (90 days)

Energy Issues across the World – which statement goes where? Rapidly growing demand; use of pollution sources such as high sulphur coal; health impacts; impact on global fossil fuel prices Reserves; questions of developing these in the Arctic, Antarctic and other sensitive areas Energy poverty; dependency on foreign TNCs to exploit supply (Nigeria, Sudan) Dependency; wastefulness; lack of fossil fuel supply (energy insecurity) Supply security; role of unstable regions in fossil fuel supply; link between nuclear power and weapons. Huge surplus; inefficient use; energy as a political weapon?

Energy Issues across the world Huge surplus; inefficient use; energy as a political weapon? Dependency; wastefulness; lack of fossil fuel supply (energy insecurity) Reserves; questions of developing these in the Arctic, Antarctic and other sensitive areas Key issues for learning Rapidly growing demand; use of pollution sources such as high sulphur coal; health impacts; impact on global fossil fuel prices Supply security; role of unstable regions in fossil fuel supply; link between nuclear power and weapons. Energy poverty; dependency on foreign TNCs to exploit supply (Nigeria, Sudan)