Rapid Assemblers: From Analog to Digital Additive Manufacturing Computational Synthesis Lab Hod Lipson, Jonathan Hiller Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Computing & Information Science Cornell University
Conclusions Digital Materials –Comprise lattice of physical voxels –High precision, work with incompatible materials –Tunable properties Rapid Assemblers –Assembles millions of prefabricated components into a integrated active structure –Parallel (laser printer) –Serial (inkjet printer)
Printable Robots
Model 1
Model 2
With Max Lobovsky
With Larry Bonassar, Daniel Cohen
Zinc-air Batteries Zinc-Air
IPMC Actuators
With Evan Malone
Gershenfeld, 2005
Digital Materials
70010,00025,00080,000187,000363,0001,000,0004,500,000
Challenges How to make voxels How to assemble billions of voxels How to simulate and design voxel-based systems
Key Challenges How to fabricate voxels How to assemble billions of voxels How to simulate and design in voxel space
Printing Digital Materials Parallel Assembly
Material Feeder Build Chamber
Fabricator
With Jonathan Hiller
Spheres
3D Circuits
Printing Digital Materials Rapid Serial Assembly
VoxJet
Accelerated x4
Voxels Tunable Material Properties
Tiles
Modeling - COMSOL
Simulating: Relaxation
Tile Precision
Dithering Materials
Tuning Elastic modulus
Tuning CTE
Auxetic Materials
Spheres
Precision x 0.5 x 0.1
Smart Voxels Future Directions
500 µm
Electrical conductivity
3D Micro-fluidics
Heterogeneous Tissue Engineering
Gershenfeld, 2005
From Analog to Digital
Conclusions Digital Materials –Comprise lattice of physical voxels –High precision, work with incompatible materials –Tunable properties Rapid Assemblers –Assembles millions of prefabricated components into a integrated active structure –Parallel (laser printer) –Serial (inkjet printer) New functionality –Desktop manufacturing of complex, 3D integrated active devices, without special tooling
Jeff I. Lipton Daniel L. CohenEvan Malone Jonathan Hiller