Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Cell Transport Passive Transport Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Exocytosis Endocytosis Phagocytosis Pinocytosis Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Diffusion & Osmosis Osmosis: Diffusion of water Diffusion: Movement of solute from an area of high concentration to low concentration Osmosis: Diffusion of water

Osmosis: Movement of Water Hypotonic Solution: low solute concentration Isotonic Solution: equal concentration inside and outside the cell Hypertonic Solution: high solute concentration Water moves in the direction of higher concentration of solute

Osmosis in the Cell The effects of osmosis on the cell: Hypertonic: water moves out of the cell; the cell shrivels Isotonic: water moves equally in and out of the cell; no effect on cell size Hypotonic: water moves inside the cell; the cell swells

Passive Transport Two types of passive transport- Simple Diffusion: movement of molecules across the membrane from high to low concentration (down the concentration gradient) Facilitated Diffusion: movement of molecules across the membrane from high to low concentration through a protein

Active Transport Active Transport: movement of molecules from low to high concentration (against the concentration gradient) using ATP energy

Active Transport: Endocytosis & Exocytosis Exocytosis: secretion of molecules outside the cell via a vesicle fusing to a membrane Endocytosis: engulfing of molecules inside the cell via vesicle formation

Types of Endocytosis Phagocytosis: endocytosis of solid particles Pinocytosis: endocytosis of fluid Receptor-mediated endocytosis: endocytosis of molecules via receptor proteins