Bell Work: 1.What are the 3 divisions of a Federal Government? 2.What is the difference between a Confederate government and a Federal government? 3.Why did the United States adopt a Federal style government?

What is Federalism? A political system where the powers of the government are divided and shared on a territorial basis between national and regional (state, city) governments.

Which countries have this division? The United States, Canada, India and Germany all have Federal systems.

What countries lack Federalism- Unitary States? France, Great Britain, and Italy are all Unitary systems.

Why are there these divisions? Founders were afraid of having too strong of a national government. Therefore, divided power amongst the National, State, and Local governments.

Which group is the strongest in terms of power- state or Federal government? Due to the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution, the Federal government will make the supreme laws of the land. They enforce these laws by giving guidelines to the states. National government does not govern individuals directly, but gets states to keep with national policy.

Founding of the Federal Government New plan with no historical precedent Founders believed it would check the power of the government Federalism will allow people to participate in the government and have effects on the local government. Pros and Cons: Con- Federalism allows for strong local interests to dominate state politics. Pro- Federalism creates a national government that is flexible- provides personal liberty.

Powers of the National Government Supremacy Clause: helps define who is the strongest, but the Constitution also outlines the power of the National (Federal) government.

Powers of the National Government Expressed or Enumerated Powers Article I Section 8 These are powers that are specifically outlined within the Constitution.

Powers of the National Government Inherent Powers: these are powers that, by tradition, most national governments have. Immigration, deportation, territorial acquisition, national security, rebellion

Powers of the National Government Elastic Language: precise definition of power is politically impossible to create- its difficult to limit in words the power of the government.

Powers of the National Government These are powers that allow different branches to attain wiggle room or expand their powers. Specifically- “necessary and proper” clause “vested clause” etc. Elastic powers that allows the Federal government to expand and create new Federal projects.

Powers of the National Government Federalist 45: “The powers of the Federal government are few and defined, those which are to remain the State governments are numerous and indefinite.

State Powers and Other Divisions- In Amendment #10: the Constitution defines the powers of the states. Specifically, any power not listed in the Constitution is then “delegated” to the governance of the state.

State Powers and Other Divisions- Delegated/Reserved powers: Powers reserved for the State

State Powers and Other Divisions- Prohibited Powers: Powers denied to the Federal Government (Article I Section 9)

State Powers and Other Divisions- Exclusive Powers: Powers that only the Federal government has

State Powers and Other Divisions- Concurrent Powers: Powers that are shared by both the National and Federal government.