December DZERO Operations Jerry Blazey Northern Illinois University

December Detector All elements in place Commissioning: –Forward preshower (FPS) –Proton detector (FPD) –L1 Central Track Trigger (CTT) Silicon Track Trigger (STT) under construction. Change to ethernet-based DAQ very successful

December Operations/Analysis Early September set a series of operational and analysis goals for fall/winter – highly successful! Operations: –50pb -1 or more available for Moriond. –Recording physics data with >75% efficiency. Intense work on reconstruction/processing –Upgraded version of reconstruction, improvements in tracking efficiency, object identification, etc –Reconstruction farms in place for high luminosity. Physics analyses well underway for spring conferences

December p-side pulse-height (ADC) Silicon Microstrip Tracker Status Track finding in barrels and disks Barrels + disks Barrels only Run II data    4 barrel layers axial + stereo strips p-side pulse height 1 mip ~ 25 counts Signal/Noise ~ 12 Layer efficiency ~ 97% H, F Disks/wedges

December Silicon Status Radiation –Increase of bias current measured and consistent with expectations –Infers depletion voltage exceeds 4fb -1 Active Ladders/Wedges DeviceOct 01FebNow Ladders: 93.4%93.1%88.4% F-wedges: H-wedges: –No loss in fiducial volume. –Some recovery expected during Jan access. Layer 1,2 Bias Current vs Luminosity Integrated Luminosity (fb -1 ) Bias Current

December Scintillating Fiber Tracker 8 axial, 8 stereo layers fully instrumented VLPC readout Performing well good light yield layer  > 98% Occupancy matches expectations track  Light yield

December p T (GeV) Tracking Performance Survey-only alignment constants Significant improvement expected from alignment with data in near future width = 36  m  (beam) = 30  m   = 20  m track x y Impact Parameter Resolution Impact parameter K S   +  –

December Muon System Connect tracks J/  +-J/  +- scintillator Muon System standalone  = 750 MeV Match to CFT tracks  = 83 MeV Three layers of scintillator planes for triggering Three layers of drift tubes for precise track measurement shielding Channels: MDT/PDT % Scintillator % Recover ½ in Jan Shutdown

December Calorimeter J/   e + e - Run II High E T 3-jet event E T : 110, 240, 310 GeV E t miss : 8 GeV Liquid argon calorimeter with uranium absorber Calorimeter Level 1 triggers for electrons and jets: rates agree with Monte Carlo Channel Count: 97% Channel Count: 99.9%

December  Extensive forward coverage: 1.5  |  |  2.5  Extruded triangular scintillator strips with embedded WLS fibers: 14,988 channels  u,v Stereo Layers with 2X 0 Lead Absorber  Signal: Detector  clear fiber waveguides  VLPCs and Analog-Front End (AFE) Readout Forward Preshower Detector L0, FPS, ICD on EC-head y x Offline FPS Reconstruction  System instrumented June 2002  Offline reconstruction using matched u, v clusters and energy correlation requirement  Performance being optimized jointly with entire DØ VLPC detectors (CFT, CPS)

December Forward Proton Detector  t Elastic scattering data Scintillating fiber detector inside Ten pot operation in readout will begin after January shutdown Eighteen pot operations requires funds for PMTs Routinely and reliably insert pots in every store Detectors perform as designed (good efficiency, resolution) Have observed diffractive and elastic events Heretofore standalone, integrating into trigger/daq

December Trigger/ DAQ L1 –Cal & Muon available –CTT commissioning underway L2 –Operating with CAL, Muon, Global –CTT & PS Commissioning underway –STT in assembly and installation –Input rate expansion early ’03 w/ alpha replacements DAQ –Debugging FE readout –Last summer successfully installed an ethernet/commodities based DAQ. –Meets 1 kHz L2 accept specification. Spec: 5 kHz 1000 Hz50 Hz tape Current: 1.2 kHz 50 Hz 1000 Hz Level 2Level 1 Level 3 Operating: 0.7 kHz 50 Hz 300 Hz

December L1CTT Discriminator input available Providing tracks to L1muon L1 terms (in triggers now) L2 and track and preshower cluster lists L1 terms Occupancy

December STT Silicon Trigger Card (STC) 30 o azimuthal units, 6 crates Common Motherboard w/ PCI communication –Fiber Road Card (FRC) receives and fans out CTT tracks –Silicon Trigger Card (STC) receives silicon data and filters silicon hits using CTT tracks –Track Fit Card (TFC) fits trajectory Huge progress this year, from prototypes to complete production Commissioning 1 st sector at DØ –Firmware debugging –Interface with DØ systems Operational Spring 2003

December Luminosity (Through 11/01/02) (Commissioning etc.) CFT Fully Instrumented CFT Axial Instrumented

December /16/02 Delivered: 1.00 pb -1 Utilized: 0.98 pb -1 (98%) To Tape: 0.86 pb -1 (86%)

December hrs 10E30 Live: 87% Tape: 35hz hrs 15E30 Live: 90% Tape: 31hz hrs 15E30 Live: 86% Tape: 36hz hrs 20E30 Live: 86% Tape: 33hz hrs 25E30 Live: 90% Tape: 33hz Store 1995

December /11-17/02 Delivered: 5.8 pb -1 Utilized: 5.3 pb -1 (92%) To Tape: 4.2 pb -1 (72%)

December Integrated Luminosity (Since CFT Fully Instrumented) Month Del(pb -1 ) Tape(pb -1 ) Eff(%) June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Steady Improvement: Downtime 10% to 2% FEB/L2 Busy Decreasing Total Delivered: 80 pb -1 To Tape: 50 pb -1

December Capabilities Trigger List now has ~100 triggers –Electron, dielectron,muon, dimuon, jets… Runs comfortably up to 4E31 cm -2 s -1 Will keep pace with luminosity growth as –L1CTT completed –L2 CPUs added –L2&L3 filters expanded.

December Remote International Monitoring for the DØ Experiment Fermilab NIKHEF Amsterdam Detector Monitoring data sent in real time over the internet DØ physicists in Europe use the internet and monitoring programs to examine collider data in real time and to evaluate detector performance and data quality. They use web tools to report this information back to their colleagues at Fermilab. DØ The online monitoring project has been developed by DØ physicists and is coordinated by Dr. Pushpa Bhat from Fermilab. Jason Webb, a DeVry University, Chicago, undergraduate student is helping develop and maintain the interactive tools for the remote physicists. 9 am2 am DØ detector

December January Shutdown De-rime VLPC liquid-helium system Install bottom muon chambers Maintenance of cyrogenic systems Study SMT electronic shielding between cryostats. Channel recovery: SMT, Muon, Cal

December Run IIb Upgrade The present detector was designed for ~ 2fb -1 and 2  cm -2 s -1 The Director has set the goal of accumulating ~10-15 fb -1 before the end of the decade –Exceeds radiation tolerance of existing silicon detector –Requires higher luminosities, ~ 5  cm -2 s -1, trigger upgrades Replace Silicon Detector with a more radiation-hard version Improve impact-parameter resolution (b-tagging) through additional layers and smaller beampipe Maintain good pattern recognition over |  | < 2 Upgrade Trigger Shift functionality upstream and increase overall Level 1 trigger capability – contain rates, dead time - Calorimeter clustering & digital filtering - Enhance track trigger to respond to increased occupancies - Calorimeter cluster match with track Incremental Upgrades to Level 2, Level 3 Triggers and online system September 2002 Lehman Review recommended baselining of Run IIb upgrades.

December Run IIb Silicon Detector Single sided silicon, barrels only Detector installed in two halves inside collision hall in ~7 month shutdown Inner (vertexing) layers 0, 1 –Axial only –mounted on carbon support Outer (tracking) layers 2-5 –Axial and stereo (tilted sensors) –Stave structures Prototyping essentially done. GEANT model

December Run IIb Silicon Performance b-tagging performance studied with full GEANT simulation and pattern recognition Performance meets the physics requirements (based on the Run II Higgs/SUSY workshop) mistag rate 1-2%  b vs. E jet  b vs.  jet  b vs. fraction of dead ladders Run II workshop assumptions for tight and loose tags

December Trigger Rates Core trigger menu, simulated at L=2e32,  t=396 ns Total rate: ~30 kHz 3.9 kHz

December Conclusions DZERO up and running Upgrade set to go… Ready for and anticipating increasing luminosity

December Cause for Concern: Retention of Expertise Have seen a decreasing number of experts: already insufficient for calorimetry and muon tracker, STT next. Multiple Causes –Poor perception of “detector people” –Institutional “fatigue” –Changing careers –Reduction in base program support –Uncertain international politics Governmental agreements languishing Difficulty obtaining visas Experts predict a worsening problem – will impact data quality and efficiency Requires action by collaboration & funding agencies

December Calorimeter Experts Current: ~ 3-4 FTE already inadequate –Parua, SUSB: current coordinator –Schamberger, SUSB: electronics –Tuts, Columbia : project manager –Groer, Columbia : previous coordinator –Gao, Columbia: student –Fu, Columbia :student –Bassler, Paris : previous coordinator Anticipated ~2 FTE –Beauceron, Paris : expert until 9/03 –Princeton Postdoc: incoming –SUSB Postdoc: incoming 2003? –Schamberger, SUSB

December Muon Experts Current, already inadequate, diminished: –General: Diehl(Fermi), Denisov(Fermi), Shpakov(Northeastern Postdoc) –PDTs: Marshall(Indiana,retires), Wobisch(Fermi Postdoc) –MDTs: Tokmenin(JINR, no visa), Yatsunenko(JINR) –Pixels: Evdokimov(IHEP, no visa), Vasilyev(IHEP, no visa) –Central trigger counters: Evdokimov(ITEP), Ito(Fermi), Doulas(Northeastern Postdoc) –Electronics: Baldin(Fermi), Hansen(Fermi) Difficult to predict next year…depends on visa situation, agreement with Russia, retirement replacements.

December Thoughts on Solutions Increase prestige of positions. Institutional requirements to contribute FTE personnel, this requires attention and effort on everyone’s part with respect to international agreements and visas. Encouragement/guidance from funding agencies – U.S. groups must have adequate support from the base program to operate detectors

December In response to need for increased and retained expertise and remaining commissioning tasks –Request assistance with agreements and visas. –Prioritized requests for additional NSF/DOE support: Postdoc support for calorimeter (e.g. Princeton, Louisiana Tech., Michigan State) Faculty/postdoc support for L2Beta (Virginia) Travel support for L2STT (Boston) Supplemental support for computing (Michigan)