LECTURE 2 Morphology & Syntax Lecture 2 Inflectional suffixes &derivational Lecture 2 Inflectional suffixes &derivational

Inflectional affixes Inflection Is the process of adding an affix to a word or changing it according to the rules of grammar. Inflection Is the process of adding an affix to a word or changing it according to the rules of grammar.

Inflectional affixes – name morphemic symbol – Noun plural spl – Noun singular possessive s sg ps – Noun plural possessive s p ps – Present third person singular s 3d – Present participle ING vb – Past tense D pt – name morphemic symbol – Noun plural spl – Noun singular possessive s sg ps – Noun plural possessive s p ps – Present third person singular s 3d – Present participle ING vb – Past tense D pt

– Past participle Dpp – Comparative—ER cp – superlative EST sp The words to which these affixes are attached are called stems. – Past participle Dpp – Comparative—ER cp – superlative EST sp The words to which these affixes are attached are called stems.

Inflectional suffixes differ from Derivational suffixes 1.Inflectional affixes do not change the part of speech. Examples: boy-boys, laptop- laptops, interact, interacted, 2. They come last in a word. 1.Inflectional affixes do not change the part of speech. Examples: boy-boys, laptop- laptops, interact, interacted, 2. They come last in a word.

EX Write the morphemic symbol &name He never locks the door. The novel was shorter than I had expected Would you mind repeating the question Four pledges were initiated

Derivational suffixes Derivation is the formation of new words by adding affixes to other words or morphemes. Derivational suffixes can change the part of speech. Example: create-creative- act- active- activate Derivation is the formation of new words by adding affixes to other words or morphemes. Derivational suffixes can change the part of speech. Example: create-creative- act- active- activate

Ex 8-13 Make nouns using the following derivational suffixes Left hand column right hand column 1.happy 1. hood 11.ance 2.Friend 2. acy 12.th 3. girl 3. ism 3.ure 4.compose 4. ness 5. shrink 5. ment. 6.active 6. age 7.superme 7. y 8.true 8.ation 9.pagan 9. ship 10.discover 10.ity

Ex 8-14 Indicate the part of speech by N(noun),V(verb),AJ(adjective),AV(adverb break sweet sweetly familiarize acceptance vision visionary doubtful

Derivational suffixes usually do not close off a word, after it one can add another derivational suffix and inflectional suffix. Example Fertilize, Fertilizer, Fertilizers Derivational suffixes usually do not close off a word, after it one can add another derivational suffix and inflectional suffix. Example Fertilize, Fertilizer, Fertilizers

EX add a derivational suffix Responsible Formal Organize Purify purist

Add inflectional suffix from the list on page 92 Kindness Beautify Quarterly Popularize Depth Pressure Arrival Orienate Friendly funny

The derivational paradigm A derivational paradigm is a set of related words composed of the same base morpheme and all the derivational affixes that can go with this base. Example: Man, manly,manish, manful, manhood, manikin, unman, manliness, manward, manfully, manishly. A derivational paradigm is a set of related words composed of the same base morpheme and all the derivational affixes that can go with this base. Example: Man, manly,manish, manful, manhood, manikin, unman, manliness, manward, manfully, manishly.

8-17 Give all the words in derivational paradigm for the following 5 bases 1.sin 2.kind 3.live 4.Transport THE END