4.2 The Quantum Atomic Model De Broglie Heisenberg Quantum Numbers Orbitals Sublevels LecturePLUS Timberlake

Louis De Broglie (1924) - proposed e-s travel like a wave and not in a simple circular path. Bohr De Broglie LecturePLUS Timberlake

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of an electron at the same time without changing it slightly. - Think of a spinning fan blade. At any moment you do not know exactly where is it but you do know the region in which it could be found. LecturePLUS Timberlake

What happens to the size of the rows & the # of seats as you get further from the stage? LecturePLUS Timberlake

Quantum Atomic Model Energy Level - 3-D shell around the nucleus containing e-s of similar energy. There are 7 energy levels Each energy level has a sublevel. The sublevels are s, p, d, and f Each sublevel holds a specific orbital LecturePLUS Timberlake

Review Questions What did de Broglie propose that was different than Bohr? What is Heisenberg uncertain of? How many energy levels are there? What happens to the size of energy level and the # of electrons it can hold as you travel farther from the nucleus? What are the 4 sublevels?

Orbitals Orbital a 3-D path in which e-s travel. Each orbital holds 2 e-s (or 1 pair) 4 different orbitals - s, p, d, & f LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevels - s, p, d & f s - has 1 s orbital = 2 e- (1 pair) p - has 3 p orbitals = 6 e- (3 pair) d - has 5 d orbitals = 10 e- (5 pair) f - has 7 f orbitals = 14 e- (7 pair) LecturePLUS Timberlake

Shapes of s & p orbitals s p LecturePLUS Timberlake

Shapes of d orbital LecturePLUS Timberlake

Quantum Atomic Model Energy Level = The Rows: 1-7 p s d 6 5 4 3 2 1 12345678910 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 p s d Energy Level = The Rows: 1-7 Sublevel = The Section: s, p, d, f Orbital = The Seat 1-2, 1-6, 1-10 1-14 LecturePLUS Timberlake

Review Questions 6. How many electrons does each orbital hold? 7. What are the 4 different orbitals? 8. What type of orbital’s make up the s sublevel? the p? the d? the f? 9. How many electrons are in the p sublevel? 10. How is the structure of energy levels, sublevels and orbitals of an atom like an auditorium?

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table How many blocks wide is the s sublevel? How many e-s can the s level hold? How many orbitals? LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table How wide is the p sublevel? Guess how many e-s the p sublevel holds? How many orbitals? LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table How wide is the d sublevel? Guess how many e-s the d sublevel holds? How many orbitals? LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table How wide is the f sublevel? How many e-s can an f sublevel hold? How many orbitals? LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 If the Periodic Table was a seating chart in an auditorium, what element would be sitting in Row 2, Section P, Seat 2? LecturePLUS Timberlake

Sublevel Blocks of the Periodic Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Row 2, Section P, Seat 2 is Silicon LecturePLUS Timberlake

Think back to our the auditorium analogy… Pretend the stage is the nucleus and the elements are in their specific seats, sections & rows. LecturePLUS Timberlake

The Quantum Atomic Model LecturePLUS Timberlake

The 4 Atomic Models LecturePLUS Timberlake

Compare the 4 Atomic Models Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr & Quantum 11) Which ones have protons? 12) Which ones have neutrons? 13) Which ones have a nucleus? 14) Where is the + charge in each? 15) What is wrong with the Thomson model? 16) What is wrong with the Rutherford model? 17) What is wrong with the Bohr Model? LecturePLUS Timberlake