Czy są zmiany w AD Domain Services Windows 2012 Andrzej Kokociński

Agenda Old time AD 2008/2003 Virtualized Domain Controllers Domain Controller Cloning Active Directory Administrative Center Recycle Bin

Background – common virtualization operations such as backing up/restoring – Active Directory, this can introduce USN bubbles leading to permanently divergent state causing: lingering objects inconsistent passwords inconsistent attribute values schema mismatches if the Schema FSMO is rolled back – the potential also exists for security principals to be created with duplicate SIDs

How Domain Controllers are Impacted

Windows Server 2012 provides the following functionality for virtual domain controllers: Safe cloning Safe snapshot restore Implementing virtualized domain controllers provides the following benefits: Rapid domain controller deployment Scalable provisioning of domain controllers Quick replacement or recovery of domain controllers Easy provisioning of test environments

VM-GenerationID

You can safely clone an existing virtual domain controller by: 1. Creating a DcCloneConfig.xml file and storing it in the AD DS database location 2. Taking the VDC offline and exporting it 3. Creating a new virtual machine by importing the exported VDC Export the VDC Import the VDC DcCloneConfig.xml to AD DS database location

Domain Controller Cloning

1. Identify suitable source virtual DC 2. Authorize source DC by adding it to ‘Cloneable Domain Controllers’ group Pre-provisioned with Control Access Right (CAR) on domain-NC object (domain head) 3. Run New-ADDCCloneConfigfile Verifies pre-requisites, e.g. PDC FSMO is running Windows Server 2012 (more later on this) Verifies authorization (by checking group membership) Let’s you specify name, IP address, DNS servers, site, etc. Provide an empty file to auto-generate values Sample file provided in box at %windir%\system32\SampleDCCloneConfig.xml Schema file provided in box at %windir%\system32\DCCloneConfigSchema.xsd 4. Run Get-ADDCCloningExcludedApplicationList [-generateXML] 5. Shutdown and export source DC 6. Restart source DC 7. Import clone of source DC as many times as desired and start clone VMs

Virtualization-Safe Technology Virtual DCs use a VM GenerationID Whenever a snapshot is rolled back, GenerationID is changed DC checks during reboot, and for each write in DIT If changed, protection steps are initiated Virtual DCs use a VM GenerationID Whenever a snapshot is rolled back, GenerationID is changed DC checks during reboot, and for each write in DIT If changed, protection steps are initiated Requirements Windows Server 2012 DCs hosted on hypervisor platform that supports GenerationID: Hyper-V 3.0 3rd-party Hypervisors

Active Directory administration snap-ins consist of four different MMC consoles: Active Directory Users and Computers Active Directory Sites and Services Active Directory Domains and Trusts Active Directory Schema

Active Directory Administrative Center is a task- oriented tool based on Windows PowerShell

Recycle Bin User Interface Introduced with Windows Server 2008 R2 allows administrators to recover deleted objects such as users, groups, OUs Typically high-priority In the past, IT pros were required to enable and use the Recycle Bin through PowerShell commands Complex, not easy to remember or use

Recycle Bin User Interface Introduced with Windows Server 2008 R2 allows administrators to recover deleted objects such as users, groups, OUs Typically high-priority In the past, IT pros were required to enable and use the Recycle Bin through PowerShell commands Complex, not easy to remember or use Introduced with Windows Server 2008 R2 allows administrators to recover deleted objects such as users, groups, OUs Typically high-priority In the past, IT pros were required to enable and use the Recycle Bin through PowerShell commands Complex, not easy to remember or use

Active Directory Recycle Bin provides a way to restore deleted objects without AD DS downtime Uses Windows PowerShell with Active Directory Module or the Active Directory Administrative Center to restore objects

Fine-Grained Password Policy UI Introduced with Windows Server 2008, allows more granular management of password-policies Manually create password-settings objects (PSOs) In the past, IT pros were required to enable and use Fine- Grained Password Policies through ADSIEDIT or by importing LDIF files Complex, time consuming, not easy to remember or use Introduced with Windows Server 2008, allows more granular management of password-policies Manually create password-settings objects (PSOs) In the past, IT pros were required to enable and use Fine- Grained Password Policies through ADSIEDIT or by importing LDIF files Complex, time consuming, not easy to remember or use

Windows Server 2012 provides two tools for configuring PSOs Windows PowerShell cmdlets New-ADFineGrainedPasswordPolicy Add-FineGrainedPasswordPolicySubject Active Directory Administrative Center Graphical user interface Uses Windows PowerShell cmdlets to create and manage PSOs

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