STRUGGLE FOR WEALTH AND EMPIRE. Elite Culture Those in charge Aristocrats Own land or capital to invest Popular Culture Rest of the people Mostly peasants.

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Presentation transcript:

STRUGGLE FOR WEALTH AND EMPIRE

Elite Culture Those in charge Aristocrats Own land or capital to invest Popular Culture Rest of the people Mostly peasants or laborers

ELITE OR POPULAR CULTURE?

GLOBAL ECONOMY Contest for markets Contest for markets Dutch=shippers Dutch=shippers English and French battled for trade English and French battled for trade China=silk, china India=cotton cloth Africa=slaves America= sugar, tobacco

SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF WEALTH Thomas Pitt Jean-Joseph de Laborde

FRANCE AND BRITAIN AFTER 1713 French nobles won back powers lost under Louis XIV French nobles won back powers lost under Louis XIV Parliament in Britain was slow but efficient Parliament in Britain was slow but efficient Whigs vs. Tories Jacobites, “James III”, “The Pretender” The Fifteen The Forty-Five, “Young Pretender”

FRANCE AND BRITAIN France Mississippi Bubble Cardinal Fleury Repudiation of king’s debt Britain South Sea Bubble Robert Walpole National debt

WAR OF THE AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION ( ) Pragmatic Sanction- Maria Theresa inherits all of Austria-Hungary Frederick II “the Great” invades Silesia Causes Alliances- French-German-Spanish vs. Austrian-British-Dutch Austrian lost in Europe; British won in Americas War Pre-war status quo (except Austria lost Silesia) Diplomatic Revolution- reversal of Alliances Consequences

SEVEN YEARS’ WAR ( )- EUROPE Prussia should have lost but didn’t Prussia should have lost but didn’t Why? Why?

SEVEN YEARS’ WAR ( )- AMERICAS French and Indian War French and Indian War Tipping place for France Tipping place for France France: France: Controlled who came to colonies Controlled who came to colonies Better forts/relations with Indians Better forts/relations with Indians England: England: Used colonies as a “dumping ground” Used colonies as a “dumping ground” Fewer people in England, but more in the colonies Fewer people in England, but more in the colonies

SEVEN YEARS’ WAR ( )- INDIA Joseph Francois-Dupleix Joseph Francois-Dupleix French East India Company French East India Company Started training locals= “Sepoys” Started training locals= “Sepoys” Robert Clive Robert Clive British East India Company British East India Company Overthrew ruler of Bengal Overthrew ruler of Bengal Supported by British sea power Supported by British sea power

PEACE OF PARIS 1763 British becomes main imperial power British becomes main imperial power French gave up all of North America east of the Mississippi French gave up all of North America east of the Mississippi Prussia retained Silesia Prussia retained Silesia Balance of Power Balance of Power How? How?