EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION. CLASSIFICATION Grouping organisms based on similarities. This is the science of TAXONOMY Classification is based on common.

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Presentation transcript:

EVOLUTION & CLASSIFICATION

CLASSIFICATION Grouping organisms based on similarities. This is the science of TAXONOMY Classification is based on common ancestors with: Similar structures/anatomy Similar biochemical makeup Similar embryonic development

TAXONOMY KINGDOM (least similar) PHYLUM CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES* (most similar) *NOTE: members of the same SPECIES can mate and produce fertile offspring.

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE We use a 2 part naming system to identify an organism, using their GENUS and SPECIES. Ex. Humans are Homo sapien

THE KINGDOMS Monera Single-celled organisms Heterotrophs No nucleus (prokaryotic) Ex. Bacteria

THE KINGDOMS Protista (Protists) Two different groups Heterotrophs (protozoa) Autotrophs (alga) Single-celled organisms Have a nucleus (eukaryotic) Ex.  Amoeba (heterotroph)  Algae (autotroph)

THE KINGDOMS Fungi Multi-cellular Heterotrophs (non-photosynthetic) Ex. Mushrooms & Yeast  There are 14,000 different species of mushroom

THE KINGDOMS Plant Multi-cellular Autotrophs Ex. Tree & Bush

THE KINGDOMS Animal Multi-cellular Heterotrophs Ex. Birds

THE ANIMAL KINGDOM Divided into different phyla. Coelentrates Hollow body cavity with one opening  Ex. Jellyfish & Hydra Annelids Segmented bodies & tube within a tube body cavity  Ex. Earthworm Arthropods Segmented bodies, jointed legs, exoskeleton  Ex. Grasshopper & Lobster Chordates Have a backbone with dorsal nerve  Ex. Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals