Objective: to use graphic organizers to take notes about how the Catholic church dominated Medieval life.

25-1 Catholic Influence-use a web The goal of the RC Church was to develop civilization in western Europe. It took the lead in government, law, art and learning. The Church had a great influence in the Middle Ages. Daily life revolved around the Church: Religious ceremony to become a knight Holidays honored religious events People did not eat meat on Fridays. Worship (mass) was held on Sundays Monks and nuns ran schools and hospitals The Church tried to end heresy by preaching and by church courts. The Inquisition offered the people accused the right to confess or be tried. Dangerous people were burned at the stake. The Church played an important role in the political life of the Middle Ages: Landowners and advisors Told people to obey the king’s laws People who disobeyed the Pope were excommunicated and lost membership in the Church and political rights.

The Church influenced the lives of people in the Middle Ages. United western Europe Took the lead in government, law, art and learning Helped pass on the heritage of the Roman Empire Center of every village and town To become a king, vassal or knight a man had to take part in a religious ceremony Holidays were in honor of saints People did not eat meat on Fridays On Sundays people went to mass Monks and nuns provided food and shelter for travelers Priests recorded births, performed marriages and conducted burials Church leaders were landowners in the feudal system Parish priests told people to respect government officials People could be excommunicated for disobeying the Pope or canon laws The Church influenced the lives of people in the Middle Ages.

Religion in Medieval Europe

25 – 2 Attempts at Reform-use T chart The Church was supported by tithes and donations. The office of bishop was often sold for money or favors. Europeans became worried about what direction the Church was headed. Pope Gregory wanted to increase his power officials and rid the Church of control by kings and over Church nobles. In 1075 a papal bull was issued stating that the Pope was above all kings and nobles and that only the Pope could choose Church leaders. The monks of the monastery at Cluny recognized only the authority of the Pope. Friars Franciscan Order Founded by Francis of Assisi Deep love of nature Dominican Order Started by a monk named Dominic Studied many languages

Self-sufficient tasks: farming, cooking, sewing building, etc. Charitable tasks: hospital work, providing refuge for homeless, food for the poor, lodging for travelers and distributing the sacraments Monasticism = life led by monks and nuns Monk = Greek for “living alone” Nun = French from none, originally Egyptian for “virgin” Nuns and monks wanted to avoid war, sickness, sin, corruption and wanted to serve God and fellow Christians St. Benedict renounced wealth and founded an Italian monastery in 529 A.D. He wrote “The Rule”, a set of rules for monks to live by Duties included: work, study, prayer Monks took vows of : chastity, poverty and obedience Church Dormitory Monasteries were led by an abbot who was elected by his monk brothers; convents were led by an abbess Bound by the abbey church Dormitory where the monks slept Refectory where the monks ate Library and scriptorium where monks wrote Library and Scriptorium Refectory

Rise of Church Reformers CAUSE EFFECT In 1075 a papal bull was issued stating that the Pope was above all kings and nobles and that only the Pope could choose Church leaders The Church was supported by tithes and donations. The office of bishop was often sold for money or favors. Europeans became worried about what direction the Church was headed Franciscan Dominican Order St. Benedict renounced wealth and founded an Italian monastery in 529 A.D. He wrote “The Rule”, a set of rules for monks to live by Duties included: work, study, prayer Monks took vows of : chastity, poverty and obedience The monks of the monastery at Cluny recognized only the authority of the Pope.

Materials / Methodology 25-3 Learning- use matrix Cathedral Schools Universities Unions were groups who joined together for a common cause Parish clergy set up schools How established Run by bishops Head Headed by a chancellor Trained students to become government workers and teachers Students and teachers complained of too few classes, subjects and qualified teachers Objectives Classes on individual subjects were held at set times during the day 7: grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry and music Subjects taught Students lived in boarding houses. Rich supporters built buildings for students to live in. Students paid fees to attend class in dark halls rented by teachers. Tuition Books were few and costly. Students memorized explanations. Materials / Methodology Students were punished for missing daily mass, disturbing the peace or sword play.

Learning establ head obj sub tuition material method

25-4The Crusades – use flow chart The Peasants’ Crusade Pope Urban called for the wars to regain the Holy Land from the Turks. He promised freedom from debt and forgiveness from sins for those who “took up the cross.” A Call to War Peter the Hermit rallied the commoners. The people adopted the cry, “Deus vult!” They behaved poorly along the route to Asia Minor and Constantinople. Click on picture for pope info The Nobles’ Crusade Lords had to provide battle gear, wagons, supplies and horses. The Crusaders captured the Holy city of Jerusalem. They set up 4 feudal kingdoms called Outremer. Europeans adopted Muslim customs. The King’s Crusade Saladin united the Muslims. The crusaders were ill- prepared. The wore heavy armor and relied on the crossbow. The two leaders signed a truce.

Crusades to the Middle East

Effects of the Crusades Returning crusaders brought many new products back with them. There was a demand for these new products in Europe. Trade, merchants and trade cities. A mixing of cultures ( European, Byzantine and Arabic Empires) resulted. Scientists became interested in learning Muslim technologies. The authority of kings increased. Many nobles died and large armies were expensive to supply. Feudalism began to dissolve. The society of Western Europe advanced; towns grew and the arts thrived.

Life After the Crusades

Crudades Call type effect