What is Mining?.

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Presentation transcript:

What is Mining?

What is mining? Mining is extracting ore or minerals from the ground An ore is a natural material with a high concentration of economically valuable minerals that can be mined for a profit

Types of Mines There are two main types of mines. 1) Surface Mining 2) Subsurface Mining

Surface Mining Mineral deposits are on or near the surface of the Earth and are removed. There are 3 types of surface mines: Open-pit: removes large, near surface deposits of minerals such as gold and copper. Mined downward in layers Quarries: stone, crushed rock, sand, gravel Strip Mining: removing surface coal in strips up to 50 m wide x 1 Km long

Chimney Rock, Bridgewater, NJ Bridgewater Sports Arena

Rt 78 near Watchung Reservation

Bernardsville Quarry, NJ‎ Images from Google Maps

Subsurface Mining Minerals are located too deep for surface mining Shafts and passageways are dug into the ground to reach the ores.

Subsurface Mining http://www.uky.edu/KGS/coal/images/minmethd.gif

Reclamation Mining can destroy or disturb habitats Waste products can pollute water systems When a mine is no longer being used, the land should be returned to its original state or better = Reclamation Surface Mining and Reclamation Act of 1975

Reclamation Mine Albert, Quebec, before and after reclamation. Government of Quebec http://www.abandoned-mines.org/home-e.htm

Why do we need mines?

Why do we need mines? If we can’t grow it, it has to be mined! Houses Cars Toothpaste Plumbing Wiring Planes Electronics Jewelry Glass If we can’t grow it, it has to be mined!