Cisco Public © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1

Cisco Public 2 IPv6 Address Notation Rule 1: Leading 0’s Rule 2: Double colon :: Network Prefixes

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3  IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses represented in: One Hex digit = 4 bits 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/64

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4  IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses represented in:  Eight 16-bit segments or “hextets” (not a formal term) One Hex digit = 4 bits 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5  IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses represented in:  Eight 16-bit segments or “hextets” (not a formal term)  Hexadecimal (non-case sensitive) between 0000 and FFFF One Hex digit = 4 bits 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6  IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses represented in:  Eight 16-bit segments or “hextets” (not a formal term)  Hexadecimal (non-case sensitive) between 0000 and FFFF  Separated by colons One Hex digit = 4 bits 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7  How many addresses does 128 bits give us? 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8  How many addresses does 128 bits give us?  340 undecillion addesses or … 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9  How many addresses does 128 bits give us?  340 undecillion addesses or …  340 trillion trillion trillion addresses or … 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10  How many addresses does 128 bits give us?  340 undecillion addesses or …  340 trillion trillion trillion addresses or …  “IPv6 could provide each and every square micrometer of the earth’s surface with 5,000 unique addresses. Micrometer = mm or inches” or…. 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11  How many addresses does 128 bits give us?  340 undecillion addesses or …  340 trillion trillion trillion addresses or …  “IPv6 could provide each and every square micrometer of the earth’s surface with 5,000 unique addresses. Micrometer = mm or inches” or….  “A string of soccer balls would wrap around our universe 200 billion times!” 2001:0DB8:AAAA:1111:0000:0000:0000:0100/ : 0DB8 : AAAA : 1111 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public No, hextets are separated by a colon 2001:AAAA:BBBB:CCCC:DDDD:EEEE:FFFF:GGGG No, G is not a hexadecimal number 2001:FACE:ACE0:CAFE:1111:2222:3333:4444:5555:6666 No, number of bits is more than 128 bits 2001:1111:2222:3333:44444:55555:6666:7777 No, hextet can only contain maximum of 4 hexadecimal digits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13  Two rules for reducing the size of written IPv6 addresses  Leading 0’s  Double Colon ::

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14  Leading zeroes in any 16-bit segment do not have to be written 3ffe : 0404 : 0001 : 1000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 0000 : 010d : 000a : 00dd : c000 : e000 : 0001 ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15  Leading zeroes in any 16-bit segment do not have to be written 3ffe : 0404 : 0001 : 1000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 404 : 1 : 1000 : 0 : 0 : ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 0000 : 010d : 000a : 00dd : c000 : e000 : 0001 ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16  Leading zeroes in any 16-bit segment do not have to be written 3ffe : 0404 : 0001 : 1000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 404 : 1 : 1000 : 0 : 0 : ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 0000 : 010d : 000a : 00dd : c000 : e000 : ffe : 0 : 10d : a : dd : c000 : e000 : 1 ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17  Leading zeroes in any 16-bit segment do not have to be written 3ffe : 0404 : 0001 : 1000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 404 : 1 : 1000 : 0 : 0 : ef0 : bc00 3ffe : 0000 : 010d : 000a : 00dd : c000 : e000 : ffe : 0 : 10d : a : dd : c000 : e000 : 1 ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500 ff02 : 0 : 0 : 0 : 0 : 0 : 0 : 500

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 Answer :0:0:0:0:0:0:0 2001:1000:1001:1010:1100:0001:0101:0011 Answer :1000:1001:1010:1100:1:101: :1010:1020:0001:1000:0A0A:00FF:FF00 Answer - 10:1010:1020:1:1000:A0A:FF:FF00

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :0:10:100:1000:AA:FF:101 Answer :0000:0010:0100:1000:00AA:00FF:0101 0:1:10:100:1000:CC:CC0:CCC Answer :0001:0010:0100:1000:00CC:0CC0:0CCC FF:0:0:0:0:0:0:A Answer - 00FF:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:000A FE8:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 Answer - 0FE8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20  The second rule can reduce this address even further  Any single, contiguous string of one or more 16-bit segments consisting of all zeroes can be represented with a double colon ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21  Any single, contiguous string of one or more 16-bit segments consisting of all zeroes can be represented with a double colon. ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500 ff02 : : 500 Second RuleFirst Rule

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22  Any single, contiguous string of one or more 16-bit segments consisting of all zeroes can be represented with a double colon ff02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0000 : 0500 ff02 : : 500 Second RuleFirst Rule

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23  Only a single contiguous string of all-zero segments can be represented with a double colon 2001 : 0d02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0014 : 0000 : 0000 : 0095

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24  Only a single contiguous string of all-zero segments can be represented with a double colon  Both of these are correct… 2001 : 0d02 : 0000 : 0000 : 0014 : 0000 : 0000 : : d02 :: 14 : 0 : 0 : 95 or 2001 : d02 : 0 : 0 : 14 :: 95

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25  Using the double colon more than once in an IPv6 address can create ambiguity because of the ambiguity in the number of 0’s 2001:d02::14::95

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26  Using the double colon more than once in an IPv6 address can create ambiguity because of the ambiguity in the number of 0’s 2001:d02::14:: :0d02:0000:0000:0014:0000:0000: :0d02:0000:0000:0000:0014:0000: :0d02:0000:0014:0000:0000:0000:0095

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :1111:0000:0000:1111:2222:1111:A1A1 Answer :1111::1111:2222:1111:A1A1 3001:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:1111 Answer :: :0000:0000:0000:1111:0000:0000:1111 Answer ::1111:0:0:1111 FF02:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001:FF00:0001 Answer - FF02::1:FF00:1

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :0101::A:B Answer :0101:0000:0000:0000:0000:000A:000B FF02::1:FF12:1 Answer - FF02:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001:FF12:0001 FE80::1 Answer - FE80:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 ::1 Answer :0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 :: Answer :0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29  IPv4, the prefix—the network portion of the address—can be identified by a dotted decimal netmask or bitcount or /24

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30  IPv4, the prefix—the network portion of the address—can be identified by a dotted decimal netmask or bitcount or /24  IPv6 prefixes are always identified by bitcount (prefix length)

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31  IPv4, the prefix—the network portion of the address—can be identified by a dotted decimal netmask or bitcount or /24  IPv6 prefixes are always identified by bitcount (prefix length)  Prefix length notation: 3ffe:1944:100:a::/64

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32  IPv4, the prefix—the network portion of the address—can be identified by a dotted decimal netmask or bitcount or /24  IPv6 prefixes are always identified by bitcount (prefix length).  Prefix length notation: 3ffe:1944:100:a::/ bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :DB8:CAFE:1111::1/64 Answer - network bits = 64, host bits = 64 Network Portion = 2001:DB8:CAFE:1111 Host Portion = 0000:0000:0000: ::1/96 Answer: network bits = 96, host bits = 32 Network Portion = 2001:0:0:0:0:0 Host Portion = 0:1

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :1/80 Answer - network bits = 80, host bits = 48 Network Portion = 2001:0:0:0:0 Host Portion = 0:0:1 2001::1/16 Answer – network bits = 16, host bits = 112 Network Portion = 2001 Host Portion = 0:0:0:0:0:0:1

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ::1/8 Answer – network bits = 8, host bits = 120 Network Portion = 20 Host Portion = NN01:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 2001:1/4 Answer – network bits = 4, host bits = 124 Network Portion = 2 Host Portion = N001:0:0:0:0:0:0:1

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public :1/3 Answer - 3 bits for the network part and 125 bits for the host part Lets write the first Hextet 2001 in binary (This is in binary) The first three bits are network part and the remaining bits are host part in hex is 2 2 is the network part and the remaining bits are host bits

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37 FE80/10 Answer:The first 10 bits are network bits and the rest 118 bits are Host bits Lets write the first Hextet(FE80) in binary The first 10 bits (FE8 in Hex) is the network part bits (FE8) are network bits and the remaining are host bits

Cisco Public © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 38

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