Sea Surface Salinity as Measured by SMOS and by Surface Autonomous Drifters: Impact of Rain J. Boutin, N. Martin, X. Yin, G. Reverdin, S. Morrisset LOCEAN,

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

SMOS – in situ comparisons J. Boutin*, N. Martin*, O. Hernandez*, N. Reul , G. Reverdin* *LOCEAN,  IFREMER.

Advertisements

Observations and Modeling of Rain-Induced Near Surface Salinity Anomalies William Asher, Kyla Drushka, Andrew Jessup Ruth Branch, and Dan Clark Applied.

OSE meeting GODAE, Toulouse 4-5 June 2009 Interest of assimilating future Sea Surface Salinity measurements.

SMOS L1v620-L2v613 versus L1v505- L2v550 validation May 2011 Nicolas Martin, Jacqueline Boutin LOCEAN 26 May 2014.

SMOS L2 Ocean Salinity Level 2 Ocean Salinity Using TEC estimated from Stokes 3 24 October 2012 ACRI-st, LOCEAN & ARGANS SMOS+polarimetry.

IFREMER EMPIRICAL ROUGHNESS MODEL Joe Tenerelli, CLS, Brest, France, November 4, 2010.

VARIABILITY OF OCEAN CO 2 PARTIAL PRESSURE AND AIR-SEA CO 2 FLUXES IN THE SUBANTARCTIC ZONE OF THE SOUTHERN OCEAN J. Boutin (1), L. Merlivat (1) and K.

1 Boutin et al., Avril 2015, SMOS-OCEAN TOSCA SMOS Salinity anomalies – Towards the correction of SMOS SSS systematic biases - J. Boutin 1, N. Martin 1,

1 Boutin et al., 2014 SMOS Salinity anomalies: new insights into SMOS capability at sensing SSS variability and into the improvements to be made in the.

Sea water dielectric constant, temperature and remote sensing of Sea Surface Salinity E. P. Dinnat 1,2, D. M. Le Vine 1, J. Boutin 3, X. Yin 3, 1 Cryospheric.

1.STSE 2.Objectives of today 3.Data availability 4.Reprocessing 5.RFI 6.Conferences & user meetings Introduction – SMOS mission status.

Semyon A. Grodsky and James A. Carton, University of Maryland, College Park, MD The PIRATA (PIlot Research Array moored in the Tropical Atlantic) project.

1 Variability of sea surface temperature diurnal warming Carol Anne Clayson Florida State University Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute SSTST Meeting.

1 High Resolution Daily Sea Surface Temperature Analysis Errors Richard W. Reynolds (NOAA, CICS) Dudley B. Chelton (Oregon State University)

1 Satellite & In Situ Salinity (SISS) Working Group: Current Status and Future Plans Yi Chao, Co-Chair (Jacqueline Boutin, Co-Chair) Aquarius Science Meeting.

Linking Aquarius Salinity Measurements to River Discharges and Ocean Surface Carbon Dioxide Fugacity Xiaosu Xie and W. Timothy Liu Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Andrea Santos-Garcia 1, Maria M. Jacob 2, Linwood Jones 1, and William Asher 3 1 Central Florida Remote Sensing Lab., University of Central Florida, Orlando,

NOAA Climate Obs 4th Annual Review Silver Spring, MD May 10-12, NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center 1.SSTs for Daily SST OI NOAA’s National.

1 Improved Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Analyses for Climate NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center Asheville, NC Thomas M. Smith Richard W. Reynolds Kenneth.

1 NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center April 2005 Climate Observation Program Blended SST Analysis Changes and Implications for the Buoy Network 1.Plans.

Observations of Ocean response to Hurricane Igor: A Salty Tropical Cyclone Wake observed from Space N.Reul 1, Y, Quilfen 1, B. Chapron 1, E. Vincent 2,

1 Satellite & In Situ Salinity (SISS) Working Group: Current status and future plans Co-Chairs: J. Boutin (LOCEAN/CNRS), Yi Chao (RSSI) Web page: siss.locean-ipsl.upmc.fr.

ATMS 373C.C. Hennon, UNC Asheville Observing the Tropics.

Galactic noise model adjustment Jean-Luc Vergely (ACRI-ST) Jacqueline Boutin (LOCEAN) Xiaobin Yin (LOCEAN)

SMOS STORM KO meeting 30/01/2012 ESRIN Ocean Surface Remote Sensing at High Winds with SMOS.

Testing of V1. GPM algorithm of rainfall retrieval from microwave brightness temperatures - preliminary results using TRMM observations Chuntao Liu Department.

Objectives of the Workshop, Results of SMOS+ Surface Ocean Salinity (SOS) Ellis Ash (SatOC) Christine Gommenginger, Chris Banks, Eleni Tzortzi (NOC) Jacqueline.

SMOS SSS and wind speed J. Boutin, X. Yin, N. Martin -Optimization of roughness/foam model -Comparison of new-old ECMWF wind speeds -SSS anomaly in the.

The Diurnal Cycle of Salinity Kyla Drushka 1, Sarah Gille 2, Janet Sprintall 2 1. Applied Physics Lab, Univ. of Washington 2. Scripps.

Séverine Fournier, Nicolas Reul, Bertrand Chapron Laboratoire Océanographie Spatiale, IFREMER Joe Salisbury, Doug Vandemark University of New Hampshire,

Changes in the Seasonal Cycle of Sea Surface Salinity from Jim Reagan 1,2, Tim Boyer 2, John Antonov 2,3, Melissa Zweng 2 1 University of Maryland.

Ocean Salinity validation of mission requirements review / improvements: Points of Reflexion ESL teams Mission Requirements: The so-called GODAE requirements:

Aquarius/SAC-D Salinity Satellite Mission and the Ocean Observing System Gary Lagerloef Aquarius Principal Investigator NOAA/CPO Climate Observation Division.

Sea surface salinity from space: new tools for the ocean color community Joe Salisbury, Doug Vandemark, Chris Hunt, Janet Campbell, Dominic Wisser, Tim.

T. Meissner, F. Wentz, J. Scott, K. Hilburn Remote Sensing Systems ESA Ocean Salinity Science and Salinity Remote Sensing Workshop November.

Dependence of SMOS/MIRAS brightness temperatures on wind speed and foam model Xiaobin Yin, Jacqueline Boutin LOCEAN & ARGANS.

Optimization of L-band sea surface emissivity models deduced from SMOS data X. Yin (1), J. Boutin (1), N. Martin (1), P. Spurgeon (2) (1) LOCEAN, Paris,

Introduction Martin et al. JGR, 2014 CAROLS airborne Tbs indicate slightly lower wind influence than predicted by model 1 at high WS In model 1 previous.

QWG-12 Ocean studies (v5 reprocessed SSS) -South Pacific Maximum Salinity -North Atlantic Maximum Salinity (SPURS) -Variability of SSS: effects of rain/roughness/interpolation.

Space Reflecto, November 4 th -5 th 2013, Plouzané Characterization of scattered celestial signals in SMOS observations over the Ocean J. Gourrion 1, J.

Sea Surface Salinity under rain cells: SMOS satellite and in-situ drifters observations J. Boutin 1, N. Martin 1, G. Reverdin 1,S. Morisset 1, X. Yin 1,

USING SMOS POLARIMETRIC BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES TO CORRECT FOR ROUGH SURFACE EMISSION BEFORE SALINITY INVERSION.

SMOS-BEC – Barcelona (Spain) Assessment of impact of new ECMWF cycle 38r2 BEC team SMOS Barcelona Expert Centre Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona.

QWG-10 ESRIN 4-6 February 2013 Quality control study for SMOS data / Flags analysis C. Gabarró, J. Martínez, E. Olmedo M. Portabella, J. Font and BEC team.

QWG8, Boutin et al. SMOS and Aquarius: SSS and Wind Effect J. Boutin, X. Yin, N. Martin (LOCEAN, Paris), E. Dinnat (Chapman University/NASA/GSFC), S. Yueh.

RAIN IMPACT MODEL (RIM) FOR AQUARIUS Andrea Santos-Garcia 1, Maria M. Jacob 2, Linwood Jones 1, and William Asher 3 1 Central Florida Remote Sensing Lab.,

SMOS QWG-9, ESRIN October 2012 L2OS: Product performance summary v550 highlights 1 The SMOS L2 OS Team.

New model used existing formulation for foam coverage and foam emissivity; tested over 3 half orbits in the Pacific foam coverage exponent modified to.

Sea Surface Salinity under rain cells: SMOS satellite and in-situ drifters observations J. Boutin 1, N. Martin 1, G. Reverdin 1,S. Morisset 1, X. Yin 1,

SMOS mission: a new way for monitoring Sea Surface Salinity? J. Boutin (1) (1) Laboratoire d’Oceanographie et du Climat- Expérimentation et Applications.

Ocean (surface) salinity an in situ perspective G. Reverdin LOCEAN, UMR CNRS/UPMC/IRD, Paris, France (indebted to numerous colleagues in France, US, Spain…)

T. Meissner and F. Wentz Remote Sensing Systems 2014 Aquarius / SAC-D Science Team Meeting November , 2014 Seattle. Washington,

Observations of Ocean response to Hurricane Igor: A Salty Tropical Cyclone Wake observed from Space Nicolas Reul 1, Joseph Tenerelli 2 1 IFREMER, Laboratoire.

1 Daily OI Analysis for Sea Surface Temperature NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center Asheville, NC Richard W. Reynolds (NOAA, NCDC) Thomas M. Smith (NOAA,

Assimilating Satellite Sea-Surface Salinity in NOAA Eric Bayler, NESDIS/STAR Dave Behringer, NWS/NCEP/EMC Avichal Mehra, NWS/NCEP/EMC Sudhir Nadiga, IMSG.

Satellites Storm “Since the early 1960s, virtually all areas of the atmospheric sciences have been revolutionized by the development and application of.

EPIC 2001: 10N, 95W TAO Buoy, Brown, New Horizon Cruise-avg C-band radar rain rate O(10) differences over 150 km 146 km Study of upper ocean budgets of.

Errors on SMOS retrieved SSS and their dependency to a priori wind speed X. Yin 1, J. Boutin 1, J. Vergely 2, P. Spurgeon 3, and F. Gaillard 4 1. LOCEAN.

Dependence of SMOS/MIRAS brightness temperatures on wind speed: sea surface effect and latitudinal biases Xiaobin Yin, Jacqueline Boutin LOCEAN.

QWG10, Boutin & Hernandez Large scale SSS inter-annual variability in tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans J. Boutin 1, O. Hernandez 1, N. Martin 1, G. Reverdin.

UNDERSTANDING OCEAN SALINITY

SPURS Synthesis Research Objectives: Budget calculations Resolve important terms of the freshwater and heat budgets of the upper 1000 m on temporal scales.

Tests on V500 Sun On versus Sun Off 1)Tbmeas. –Tbmodel in the FOV X. Yin, J. Boutin Inputs from R. Balague, P. Spurgeon, A. Chuprin, M. Martin-Neira and.

Testing of the Zeng and Beljaars scheme in the TWP Michael Brunke and Xubin Zeng Department of Atmospheric Sciences The University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona.

Precipitation Effects on Turbulence and Salinity Dilution in the Near Surface Ocean Christopher J. Zappa Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University,

Passive Microwave Remote Sensing

T. Meissner, F. Wentz, J. Scott, K. Hilburn Remote Sensing Systems 2014 Aquarius / SAC-D Science Team Meeting November , 2014.

Aquarius SSS space/time biases with respect to Argo data

Nicolas Reul1, Joseph Tenerelli2

NOAA Objective Sea Surface Salinity Analysis P. Xie, Y. Xue, and A

Presentation transcript:

Sea Surface Salinity as Measured by SMOS and by Surface Autonomous Drifters: Impact of Rain J. Boutin, N. Martin, X. Yin, G. Reverdin, S. Morrisset LOCEAN, UMR CNRS/UPMC/IRD, Paris, France + collaborations with French GLOSCAL SMOS Cal/Val participants (IFREMER, Meteo-France, LEGOS) and SMOS ESA Expert Support laboratories (ICM/CSIC, LOS/IFREMER, ARGANS-st, CLS, ACRI-st)

Motivations => L-band Radiometry (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity, SMOS) SSSsmos-SSSargo in the tropical Pacific are 0.1 lower than in the subtropical Atlantic. Could it be an effect of rain? Skin depth of L-band radiometric signal is 1cm whereas ARGO SSS are measured at typically 5m depth: is rain effect detectable on SMOS-ARGO comparisons?

SMOS SSS - July 2010 L1 & L2 v500 Ascending swaths (center swath, 3m/s<WS<12m/s) SMOS SSS ARGO objective analysis (Gaillard et al.) Comparison with ARGO: SMOS averaged over 10 days- 100km around ARGO ITCZ trop Pac N SSSsmos-SSSargo=-0.05+/-0.40 N=248 Subtropical Atl N (SPURS region) SSSsmos-SSSargo=0.04+/-0.22 N=76

SMOS SSS & Rain colocation SMOS SSS - 40km resolution retrieved from ~150 Tbs measured at various incidence angles, 2 polarisations=> SSS and ECMWF adjusted wind speed Rain Rate deduced from SSMI F16 and F17 (RemSS version 7); 32km spatial resolution Colocation of SMOS SSS and SSMI Rain Rate: Maximum of RR (within -5hours and +1hour to SMOS time) and falling in the SMOS ISEA grid point Statistics of SSSsmos-SSSargo depending on Maximum RR within -5h/+1h of SMOS SSS

V500 Sun Off - OTT asc - July 2010 SMOS SSS - ARGO SSS < in the tropical Pacific than in the subtropical Atlantic : Rain freshening in 1 cm of the ocean surface (SMOS) with respect to ~5m (ARGO) SSMI F17 Rain Rate (mm/hr) in July 2010 Rain Rate <1mm/hr N=9419 Mean diff: 0.05 Std_Diff=0.56 Skewness=0.014 Rain Rate >1mm/hr N=3260 Mean diff: Std_Diff=0.75 Skewness= All Rain Rate N=12679 Mean diff: Std_Diff=0.62 Skewness=-0.47 SSSsmos-SSSargo Boutin et al. 2011

r= / mm/hr

V500 Sun Off - OTT asc - July 2010 Comparison with ARGO: SMOS averaged over 10 days-100km around ARGO Subtropical Atl N SSSsmos-SSSargo=0.04+/-0.22 Npairs=76 Nsmos/argo=64 ITCZ trop Pac N All Rain: SSSsmos-SSSargo=-0.05+/-0.40 N=248 No Rain SSSsmos-SSSargo=0.06+/-0.39 Npairs=219; Nsmos/argo=28 Ascending orbits (center of orbit; OTT asc) 3<WS<12m/s SMOS SSS averaged around ARGO (+/-50km; +/-10days)

Conclusions & Perspectives Precision of 10days-100km SMOS SSS in a warm non rainy region ~ 0.2 (ascending orbits only in July v500) Monthly SMOS SSS (1cm) minus ARGO Salinity (~5m) in the tropical Pacific (average over 5°N-15°N; 110°W-180°W) 0.1 lower than in the Atlantic subtropics because of rain freshening (ΔSSS/RRmax=-0.2 / mm/hr) Perspectives Redo/extend this analysis in time with reprocessed SSS Look at angular polarised signature of rain Rainy drifters - SMOS SSS colocations once SMOS reprocessed archive available (challenging: need for a lot of colocated events; punctual versus integrated SSS…)

Small effect of rain in the atmosphere (Rayleigh scattering) at L-band (J Schulz, 2002; Wentz, 2005) Wentz, 2005 In warm region, RR ~ 10mm/hr =>rayleigh scattering ~ 0.2K => SSS bias ~ 0.14pss at 10mm/hr : we see a much larger effect

Could it be an artefact of L-band radiometric measurements? At L-band, weak impact of atmosphere (RR<10mm/hr); Roughness effect on SMOS rainy measurements? Differences between ECMWF and SMOS retrieved wind speed are not correlated with RR (N.B.: 1psu  ~0.7K  ~3.5m/s)

Motivations (2) Surface in situ salinity data between 15cm and 1m depth evidence salinity gradients near the surface in case of rain (TOGA COARE, Soloviev and Lucas, 1997; next slides); however these observations are punctual Most in situ measurements (ship; ARGO) are made at a few meters depth (=> they miss near-surface gradients) Fresh-lenses => thin surface layer isolated from the water below (stratification; air-sea exchanges) Gas properties (e.g. CO 2 solubility) depend on salinity

In situ measurements : large salinity stratification in case of rain Precipitation rate (mm/hr)salinity at 1 m depth Wind speed (m/s) salinity at 5 m depth salinity at 10 m depth 1,1 pss 1,4 pss 1,5 pss TAO buoy 3.5°N – 95°W, Pacifique Est /01/03 03/02/03 Hénocq et al., JAOT, 2010

Autonomous drifter (~50cm depth) Example of SSS freshening in Atlantic ITCZ Float ARGO at +/-100km, +/-2days See poster Morrisset, et al; Reverdin et al. JGR 2011, in revision Pacific Gyre (SBE 37 SI)

SSS rain-freshening temporal evolution as seen by 60 drifters in the tropical Oceans Figure 7: Average cycle of salinity (upper panel) among 60 salinity drop events (relative to a common time of beginning of event). Individual records are shifted to a common salinity value at the initial drop time and the magnitude of the drop is adjusted to the mean drop. The average is plotted as well as individual events. The associated average reported rainfall (mm/hour) is plotted in the lower panel by 2-hour average, as well as the individual values at the exact time of reports. SSS temporal evolution after a freshening event (time 0) Satellite Rain Rates (SSM/I, TMI, AMSRE ( colocated with floats SSS 0hr 4hr15hr hr 4hr15hr 10 0 See poster Morrisset, et al; Reverdin et al. JGR 2011, in revision

Vertical gradients 15cm – 45 cm 17 events SVP-BS / Surplas Vertical gradients 15cm – 45 cm 17 events SVP-BS / Surplas SURPLAS tied to a SVP-BS drifter (CAROLS2010 cruise, Gulf of Biscay) See poster Morrisset, et al; Reverdin et al. JGR 2011, in revision