9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU1 Decoders and Multiplexer Circuits
9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU2 Class 17 – Arithmetic Functions Iterative Combinational Circuits Binary Adders Material from section 4-1 and 4-2 of text
Iterative Circuits The concept – Create a functional block and create the circuit for doing the multiple bit operation by simply repeating it. Another concept to be introduced – circuit contraction where you fix the value of some inputs and then can simplify the resulting circuit. Examples are incrementing, decrementing or multiplying by a constant. 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU3
Iterative Circuit Consider an iterative circuit that operates on two binary vectors. Base unit Iterative connection. 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU4
Iterative circuit area A lot in arithmetic area of application. Adders Subtractors Incrementors Decrementors Multiplication circuits 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU5
Binary Adders Consider adding 2 binary digits. Can specify the requirement in a truth table. A combinational circuit that adds two input bits is called a half adder. 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU6
Half adder equations The Sum and Carry equations Implementation 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU7
The full adder Can evolve half adder into a full adder. Full adder truth table and minimization. 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU8
The full adder continued The carry minimization Implementation 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU9
The full adder Have just seen a full adder implemented from the structural connection of two half adders and an OR gate. Can do a direct implementation. It will end up with the same number and type of gates. For a multibit implementation need a symbol for the unit. 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU10
Multibit use And then can use that symbol in multibit or hierarchical representations. A 2 bit example In this adder the final output carry is generated in the final stage after the carry inputs to all the previous stages has settled. 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU11
Carry ripple So the carry ripples from the lsb to msb A ripple carry adder. All inputs, As,Bs, and C 0 arrive – C 1 becomes valid – C 2 becomes valid – C 3 becomes valid – C 4 becomes valid - 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU12
Class 17 assignment Covered sections 4-1 through 4-2 Problems for hand in none Problems for practice 4-2 Reading for next class: sections 4-3, 4-4 9/15/09 - L15 Decoders, Multiplexers Copyright Joanne DeGroat, ECE, OSU13