Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Jump Start: Observe the above picture and complete and FIQ: 1. What are some FACTS you know from looking at this image? 2. What are some INFERENCES you can make from looking at this image? (Things you can tell but it might not say!) 3. What are some QUESTIONS you have after looking at this image?

Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Middle Passage The Atlantic Slave Trade Main Idea Between the 1500s and the 1800s millions of Africans were captured, shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, and sold as slaves in the Americas.

Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Slavery has existed in many parts of the world People forced into slavery came from different walks of life Farmers, merchants, priests, soldiers, or musicians; fathers and mothers, sons and daughters. Shortage of labor in Americas led to beginning of Atlantic slave trade European planters needed workers on sugar, tobacco plantations Beginnings Planters first used Native Americans; European diseases killed millions Native Americans Millions forcibly taken to Americas Most from coast of West Africa Some exchanged for firearms, goods Others kidnapped on raids by traders African Slaves Origins of the Slave Trade

Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Trade Network Captured Africans became part of network called the triangular trade First leg, ships carrying European goods to Africa to be exchanged for slaves Second leg, Middle Passage, brought Africans to Americas to be sold Third leg carried American products to Europe

Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Olaudah Equiano wrote about conditions on slave ship: “The stench of the hold…was so intolerably loathsome, that it was dangerous to remain there for any time… “The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole scene of horror almost inconceivable.” Horrific Conditions Captive Africans chained together, forced into dark, cramped quarters below ship’s decks Could neither sit nor stand Journey lasted three to six weeks, ten to twenty percent did not survive Terrifying Situation Middle Passage

Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Shackles for Arms and Legs

Exploration and Expansion Section 4 Imagining the Horrors- Middle Passage African Slave Trade- What words come to mind? Write down as many as you can. (1:29 secs)African Slave Trade- On the Middle Passage- What are you feeling? Pain? Anger? Sadness? Etc. (3:34 secs)On the Middle Passage- White Americas’ Fear- What images come to mind? List as many as possible. (5:41 secs)White Americas’ Fear- History of Black Slavery- What questions or thoughts do you have now? (4:30 secs)History of Black Slavery- 1:20  1:28 3:00  3:10