ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM IT’S ALL ABOUT ATTRACTION….BABY DAILY JOURNAL Write down at least three things that you know about electricity and magnetism. Can you think of anything about electricity or magnetism that you don’t know but would like to discover?

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

ATOMS All matter is made up of atoms. Protons and electrons have a basic property called a charge. Having too many or too few electrons causes an electrical charge

A CHARGE IS A FORCE LIKE CHARGES REPEL EACH OTHER ( FORCE OF REPULSION ) (pushes objects apart ) UNLIKE CHARGES ATTRACT EACH OTHER (FORCE OF ATTRACTION ) (pulls objects together )

CONDUCTORS – ALLOW ELECTRONS TO FLOW FREELY

INSULATOR – DON’T ALLOW ELECTRONS TO MOVE FREELY PLASTIC GLASS WOOD RUBBER

ELECTRIC VOCABULARY ELECTROSCOPE – A DEVICE THAT DETECTS ELECTRICAL CHARGES ELECTRIC CURRENT – FLOW OF ELECTRONS THROUGH A CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE – OPPOSITION TO THE FLOW OF ELECTRICITY

STATIC ELECTRICITY CAUSED BY THE MOVEMENT OF CHARGES FROM ONE OBJECT TO ANOTHER WITHOUT FURTHER MOVEMENT CHARGES BEGIN TO BUILD UP

LIGHTNING CAUSED BY THE MOVEMENT OF WIND THAT PRODUCES A DISCHARGE OF STATIC ELECTRICITY CAUSED AS ELECTRONS JUMP FROM CLOUD TO CLOUD

BATTERIES What is a wet cell: A wet cell is composed of a copper and zinc strip, called electrodes. The dilute sulfuric acid found in a wet cell is the electrolyte. Electrolyte is a liquid that has the ability to conduct electricity

BATTERIES A TEMPORARY SOURCE OF ELECTRIC CURRENT A "dry-cell" battery is essentially composed of a metal electrode or graphite rod (elemental carbon) surrounded by a moist electrolyte paste enclosed in a metal cylinder.

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS An electrical* circuit connects a power source to an electrical device. Ohm's law explains the relationships among the power source, the electric device, and the electric current*.electricalOhm's law OPEN CIRCUIT CLOSED CIRCUIT

SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRUITS A series circuit has one path for the electricity to move through the circuit. A parallel circuit has more than one path for the electricity to travel through. Series circuit Parallel circuit

MORE VOCABULARY VOLT – UNIT TO MEASURE ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AMPERE – UNIT TO MEASURE RATE OF ELECTRON FLOW POWER – RATE AT WHICH ELECTRICAL ENERGY IS CONVERTED TO ANOTHER ENERGY SWITCH - USED TO BREAK A CIRCUIT

MAGNETISM FORCE OF ATTRACTION OR REPULSION OF A MAGNETIC MATERIAL

LAW OF MAGNETIC ATTRACTION LIKE POLES REPEL EACH OTHER UNLIKE POLES ATTRACT EACH OTHER

KINDS OF MAGNETS LODESTONE A NATURAL MAGNETIC ROCK BAR HORSESHOE

MAGNETIC FIELD AREA COVERED BY THE MAGNETIC FORCE

THE EARTH AS A MAGNET THE EARTH EXERTS MAGNETIC FORCES AND IS STRONGEST NEAR THE NORTH AND SOUTH MAGNETIC POLES

ELECTROMAGNETISM An electromagnet is a strong magnet that can be turned off and on. Requires electric current to operate