Inequality Matters GENDERED INEQUALITY

A Textbook Conundrum Gender empowerment /best of times vs Gender inequality/worst of times It’s a man’s world vs The End of Men/The Ascent of Women From patriarchy to matriarchy?

Chapter Assumptions Comparison to past, others, but present Gender relations = unequal relations Gender Matters/ Social location Gendered society / Gendered reality

Gendered Society Distinction Division of Labour Devaluation Deeply embedded in society How expressed: misogyny, sexism, androcentrism, patriarchy = gendered reality: Formal equality but system not designed, nor reflect/ nor level playing field/ nor equal opp = Astaire/Rogers + Bem insight = To date: reform, not transform = a (patriarchal) man’s world, still?

Patriarchy= structural inequality/systemic bias Ideas+ideals about what’ normal regarding gender = so embedded, beyond awareness, yet privileging System designed, organized, controlled by for and about men Reflect, reinforce, advance male interests Male activities/characteristics valued or norm Men = preferential access Androcentrism

Parable of the Textbooks “ Alphabetism in an Alphabet Blind Society ” Henry Yu, Alphabetism (google) Textbook distribution based on last name, alphabetically Then distribute on basis of merit History matters Elusiveness of level playing field/equal opp.

Gender Income Differences (2007/08) criteriaDifferences All male and female workers64% Full time, full year71 % (median 76%) ( 12 th out of 17 th peer) (age = 85%, = 72%) Hourly work85 % (99% health, arts, govt; ss, educ) (70-74 % primary, mfg, trades, sales Women with professional-post grad/BA Prof = 96? Assoc Prof 97% Assistant Prof 98% (2012) Never married women, with degree, in 20s 100%

Power and privilege/status Economic Power - CEOs and Board of Directors Education - the good and the bad Political Power - Premiers Media stereotyping - appearances + relationships

Corporate appointments advertised in the globe and mail Sept 1, 2011 to May 20, 2013 (for illust. purposes, rather than scientific study) White males = 1400 (approx) White females = 400 Racialized males = 60 Racialized females = 20

Gender Differences as Gendered Inequality ‘white’ (non racialized) women (or racialized white women)….”vs” Minority Women Minority Men…”vs”Minority Women Minority Women = Aboriginal Women Racialized Women of Colour Immigrant and Refugee Women

Income Differences: Race, Gender, Birthplace males females average Racialized minority (CB**)$ $33 519$ Racialized minority (FB***)$ $27 075$ Whites (CB)$ $31 150$ Whites (FB)$ $31 627$ Aboriginal peoples$ $26 361$ * Full-time, full-year earnings for those aged 25 to 64. ** Canadian born *** Foreign born Source: Adapted from Kunz et al Source: 1996 Census, Public Use Microdata File.

Intersectionality Multiplier effect gender X race X class X ethnicity = amplify Value = holistic = inequality is intensified = women/minority experiences at core

Intrasectional Analysis Differences within Differences Gender (disaggregate Minority Women) intersects with etc. * Violence toward Minority Women = intersectional + intrasectional

Mid term test Tu, May 28, 7-9, this room “Snow date” = May 30 Accessories = pencil, eraser, pen Content = ch class Format = MC + short answers

Sample questions MC (about 60) 1) What is subject matter of this course? a) social change b) social inequality c) class and power d) none of the above 2) Which of the following is NOT addressed in this course? a) social inequality b) class c) poverty d) Evolution Short Answer: Explain in 3 Sentences (define, characteristics, application) (about 8 out of 11) - social inequality: Symbolic interactionist approaches - functionalist vs conflict models of social inequality