Mock Geography exam 2010

1. the wettest area of Spain 2. the driest area of Spain (a) Study Figure 1 which shows the distribution of average annual rainfall in Spain. It also gives information about Spain’s national water transfer plan. (i) Indicate: 1. the wettest area of Spain 2. the driest area of Spain

(ii) Draw a sketch map of the course of the River Ebro. (a) Study Figure 1 which shows the distribution of average annual rainfall in Spain. It also gives information about Spain’s national water transfer plan. (ii) Draw a sketch map of the course of the River Ebro. Label the location of: • the mouth • the upper course • the flood plain.

(a) Study Figure 1 which shows the distribution of average annual rainfall in Spain. It also gives information about Spain’s national water transfer plan. (iii) Describe the part played by the River Ebro in the national water plan. (3)

(iv) What are the advantages of this national water plan? (4) (a) Study Figure 1 which shows the distribution of average annual rainfall in Spain. It also gives information about Spain’s national water transfer plan. (iv) What are the advantages of this national water plan? (4) (v) Give one possible effect the plan might have on the environment. (1)

(b) Rainfall in Spain was much below average in 2005 (b) Rainfall in Spain was much below average in 2005. Describe what you think the water managers did in this situation. (4) (c) Describe how data would be collected about water quality in a river. (4) (d) With reference to examples, explain why water quality varies from place to place. (9)

Give three reasons why some people live close to volcanoes. 3. Hazardous environments (a) Study Figure 3(a) which shows an area close to an active volcano. Give three reasons why some people live close to volcanoes.

3. Hazardous environments b) Study Figure 3(b) which is a satellite image of a volcano in Alaska. (i) State the wind direction over the volcano.(1) (ii) What evidence is there that this volcano is active? (3)

(c) Describe the main effects of volcanic eruptions: (4) 1. in the short-term 2. in the long-term. (d) Describe two ways in which people try to reduce the harmful effects of volcanic eruptions. (4) (e) Extreme weather is a natural hazard. (i) Describe how you would collect and record: (2 x 3) 1. wind speed 2. precipitation (rainfall). (ii) With reference to examples, explain why the effects of natural hazards are generally less harmful in HICs than in LICs. (9)

4. Economic activity and energy (a) Study Figure 4(a) which shows the factors influencing the choice of location of a new factory. (i) To which economic sector does Figure 4(a) refer? Put a cross in the box next to the correct answer. (1) Primary secondary tertiary quaternary (ii) What is meant by the term world markets? (2)

(a) (iii) Name an industry located close to its sources of raw materials. (1) (iv) Describe the advantages of an industry being located close to its sources of raw materials. (4)

4. Economic activity and energy (b) Study Figure 4(b) 4. Economic activity and energy (b) Study Figure 4(b). It shows the scores a transnational company gave to eight key factors when choosing the location for a new factory. (i) Complete Figure 4(c) below by: labelling the axes drawing the bars for transport and government policy

(ii) Suggest why this transnational company gave a high score to government policy. (4) (c) Describe how people’s views on the use of renewable and non-renewable energy could be investigated. (6) (d) In many HICs the nature of employment is changing. With reference to one HIC, describe and give reasons for this change. (9)

(i) Name two typical locations of shanty settlement. (2) 6. Urban environments (a) Study Figure 6(a) which shows land use in Nairobi, Kenya. (i) Name two typical locations of shanty settlement. (2)

(ii) Give one typical characteristic of: (2) 1. shanty settlement residents 2. shanty settlement housing. (iii) Briefly describe the term self-help housing. (1) (iv) Describe one difference between self-help housing and shanty settlement housing. (2)

6. Urban environments (a) Study Figure 6(a) which shows land use in Nairobi, Kenya. (v) What evidence is there on Figure 6(a) that the people of Nairobi live in areas according to: (4) 1. their income 2. their ethnicity?

(b) Study Figure 6(b) which shows an area of Nairobi. Which area of the city is shown by Figure 6(b)? Justify your answer. (4)

(c) Describe how a fieldwork investigation of land use across an urban area could be planned and carried out. (6) (d) Explain why the CBDs of HIC and LIC cities are broadly similar. (9)

(b) Study Figure 6(b) which shows an area of Nairobi. Which area of the city is shown by Figure 6(b)? Justify your answer. (4)

7. Fragile Environments (a) Study Figure 7 which shows how the forested areas of the world are predicted to change between 2000 and 2025 Numbers are 000km2 (average annual change in forested area, 2000–2025) Figure 7 (i) What is meant by the term deforestation? (1) (ii) What evidence is there to suggest that today’s deforestation is: ( 2 x 2marks) 1. mainly of tropical rainforests 2. an issue for the whole world.

(b) Explain the impact that deforestation has on: ( 2 x 5 marks) 1. the local ecosystem and economy 2. global climate change. (c) With reference to examples, give reasons for the loss of forests. (6) (d) Read the recent newspaper headline below. Explain how and why sustainable tropical rainforest management requires international cooperation. (9)