1 Ashcraft's Computer Hardware Components Schema Ashcraft, Mark H Human Memory and Cognition, second edition. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, p. 46.

2 Ashcraft's Memory Component Schema for Information Processing Ashcraft, Mark H Human Memory and Cognition, second edition. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, p. 51.

3 Carroll's General Model of Information Processing Carroll, David W Psychology of Language, second edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, p. 49. (Third edition, 1999, p. 47)

4 Ashcraft's Human Information Processing System Ashcraft, Mark H Human Memory and Cognition, second edition. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, p. 68.

5 H P Q K M Y O B Z S D J P I Y R E T G F L C V K

7 Processing Capacity Processing/Operating Storage

8 Memory System Capacities and Durations Sensory Stores Capacity: large Duration: max 1 sec(visual) max 4 secs (auditory) Working (STM) Capacity: 7 +/- 2 unrelated items Duration: sec Permanent (LTM) Capacity: large Duration: long (potentially) Carroll, David W Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, Chapter 3.

9 Non-Serial Processing Carroll, David W Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, p. 53. From Rumelhart & McClelland (1986) as indicated above.

10 Far Side by Gary Larson

11 Voice Onset Time and English Stop Consonants VOT:+0 ms/b/ +20 ms/b/ +40 ms/p/ Carroll, David W Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, pp

12 Piaget's Developmental Stages Stage Age (approx.) Stage Age (approx.) Sensorimotor stage 0 – 2 Preoperational 2 – 7 Concrete7 – 11 Formal/abstract11 + Carroll, David W Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, pp