(To be completed in Explorer Book) Life Science: First Five

Notes Life Science: Chapter 1

1. What is Science? 2. Why Study Life Science? 3. Scientific Method Where we are going in this chapter…

I. What is Science? INTRODUCTION:  The knowledge gained from the careful, systematic investigation of the natural world.  See doodle (magnifying glass, tree, ruler)

To doodle…  To make marks in order to support thinking  Engage three learning modalities ( seeing, hearing, moving, touching)  Use simple visual language to activate the mind’s eye and support creativity, problem-solving and innovation.

So, what is LIFE Science?  The knowledge gained from the careful, systematic investigation of LIVING THINGS in the natural world.

Simply put…  Life Science is the study of living things.

Peak into future science classes...  Physical Science is concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects, including physics, chemistry, astronomy, and related subjects.

Peak into future science classes...  Human Anatomy and Physiology deals with the structure and function of the human body  Technically a more detailed subject of Life Science

What is the Goal of Science? Make useful predictions.

A. Thinking Scientifically  Curiosity - Ask the WHY questions. If a person can find out what causes something in nature, they will probably make useful predictions.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution - Not everything you read or hear is true.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution a. Preference for the Observed

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution a. Preference for the Observed Observation: Info that a person has gained by using 1 or more of 5 senses

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution a. Preference for the Observed Observation: Info that a person has gained by using 1 or more of 5 senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste)

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution a. Preference for the Observed Inference: Logical conclusion based on observations

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - If something cannot be observed, it cannot be proven scientifically.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - It can only deal with the physical universe.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - It is unable to deal with spiritual realities. - Life after death? Does God answer prayer? Does God exist? Science can’t answer these…

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - It is unable to deal with origins.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - Where did the universe come from? How did life begin? - Science can’t address this b/c it can’t go back in time to OBSERVE the universe coming into existence.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - Science cannot prove universal negatives.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Universal Negative: a statement that excludes everything and often uses words such as “all” or “none”

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Universal Negative Ex: “No dinosaurs are alive.” “Smallpox are completely eradicated from this planet.”

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Value Judgment: a determination of the worth of something. - Right or wrong? Good or bad? The morality of a decision comes from this.

A. Thinking Scientifically

2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Final Answer: absolutely true and never needs to be rejected or revised

A. Thinking Scientifically The more scientists observe God’s world, the more they realize that their previous observations have been incorrect.

A. Thinking Scientifically This is to be expected… Humans are limited and cannot observe all that is needed to provide a final answer.

A. Thinking Scientifically Why study science if none of it is absolutely true? Remember, what is the goal of science?

A. Thinking Scientifically Science is not about truth. It is about making predictions that work.

A. Thinking Scientifically We want conclusions that produce useful predictions. We are NOT looking for conclusions that are absolutely true and final. Science has a particular role on a team.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Scientism: the belief that Science is the only way to learn about the world

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - Can humans know about unobservable things, universal negatives, value judgments, and final answers?

A. Thinking Scientifically There are other ways of learning about the world—the most important way being God’s Word.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Presupposition: an idea that a person takes for granted, something a person assumes to be true without having convincing proof for it.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Presupposition #1: the natural world is a very orderly place

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - Things do not “just happen.” - There are rules that govern what happens in nature

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - In nature, the future will be like the past.

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science Presupposition #2: the orderliness of nature can be known by humans

A. Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution b. Awareness of the Limits of Science - The rules can be discerned through scientific investigation - Not absolutely or finally, but in part

A. Thinking Scientifically The faith of the scientist: Unless he presupposes that nature is orderly and can be known, the work of science cannot go forward.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically INTRODUCTION: Science can be viewed through different worldviews.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically  Filters…

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically  Lenses…

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically Worldview: The perspective from which a person interprets all evidence in life.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically Christian Worldview: The belief that the Bible is the Word of God and that it is the only completely reliable thing in this world.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically Christian Worldview: 1) God made the world and everything in it

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically Christian Worldview: 2) The world has fallen into a tragic state because of sin

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically Christian Worldview: 3) God is working to redeem this world to Himself

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically Christian Worldview: These 3 teachings should influence your interpretation of any facts you study.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically If you are serious about being a Christian… your Christian worldview must color your view of scientific thinking.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically  Curiosity to the Glory of God - The Christian has a very important reason for being curious…

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically  Curiosity to the Glory of God - Glorify God and enjoy him - Know more about God and his character and then declare his glory - Love of God and people

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution Controlled by Scripture - How do you keep from being a skeptic?

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution Controlled by Scripture - A skeptic is someone who tends to reject or doubt even things that should be believed.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution Controlled by Scripture - The Bible encourages Christians to think critically. (I John 4:1) - It does NOT encourage them to doubt God or His Word.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 2. Caution Controlled by Scripture - It is God’s Word that helps the believer decide whether a new teaching is false. (1 John 4:2-3)

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 3. Commitment to Christian Presuppositions Many scientists say that Christian presuppositions are bad for science because they keep the Christian from having the open mind necessary for doing good science.

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 3. Commitment to Christian Presuppositions True or False? Do you remember the two presuppositions that all scientists must hold?

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 3. Commitment to Christian Presuppositions Scientists accept by faith that nature is orderly and that this orderliness can be known by humans. Does the Bible support or contradict this?

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 3. Commitment to Christian Presuppositions a. Nature is well ordered because God made it to declare His glory Gen 1:14; 8:22; Rom. 11:36

B. Thinking Christianly About Thinking Scientifically 3. Commitment to Christian Presuppositions b. Humans can know about this order because God them in His image and desires to be glorified by their wise use of nature’s orderliness. Gen 1:16-28

1. What is Science? REVIEW: What is Science?

1. Science is the knowledge gained from careful, systematic study of the natural world. REVIEW: What is Science?

2. Explain the difference between an observation and an inference. REVIEW: What is Science?

2. Observation: info gained by using one or more of one’s senses Inference: logical conclusion based on observations REVIEW: What is Science?

3. Write a universal negative about fish. REVIEW: What is Science?

4. List the three major teachings of a Christian worldview. REVIEW: What is Science?

1) God made the world and everything in it. 2) the world has fallen into a tragic state of sin 3) God is working to redeem this world to Himself REVIEW: What is Science?

5. What are the most important beliefs that a Christian scientist must have? REVIEW: What is Science?

5. The Bible is the Word of God and it is the only completely reliable thing in this world. REVIEW: What is Science?

II. Why Study Science?  Not everyone is fascinated by living things…  Should we be?  What does it say about me if I don’t?

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - What does the “glory of God” mean?

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - It refers to the ways in which God’s greatness and goodness are superior to that of any of His creatures

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - No one loves as God loves. He is good to all of His creatures, meeting their needs and blessing them daily.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - Life science demonstrates God’s greatness more clearly.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things Without knowing about life science, it is easy to get BORED by verses like Psalm 148:7-10

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - By simply speaking a few sentences, He designed, fashioned, and brought to life billions of amazingly complex creatures. PAUSE

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - Realizing what God did and who He is makes it easier to get excited about praising Him. (Psalm 148:13)

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - Life science shows the truth of God’s loving care in action. - Can’t only coldly refer to things as the “laws of nature”

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - The “laws of nature” are in fact regular proofs of God’s love. - He shows care for His creatures.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - The “laws of nature” are in fact regular proofs of God’s love. - He shows care for His creatures.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 1. Glory in Living Things - One of the main goals for learning about life science: Psalm 104:34-35

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - All of God’s creatures declare His glory, but human beings do so in a special way.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion Dominion Mandate: Mankind is responsible for governing God’s creation. Gen 1:28

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - God is the infinite Lord of the universe - We are the finite lords of His earth

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - We are to “have dominion” over the things we will study in Life Science. - We are to think of ways to use it to best meet our needs.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - As we learn to think scientifically and discover creative and workable ways to use God’s creation, we declare the glory of God.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory To cultivate

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - When we discover ways to power our machines and warm our homes w/out carelessly destroying the beautiful things God has made…

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - When we learn ways to be more efficient in our daily routines by observing the efficiency of the bees and ants…

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory It is not just mankind’s hymns and prayers that glorify God.

A. God Made Living Things for His Glory 2. Glory in Our Work of Dominion - We also glorify God when we exercise wisdom and good stewardship in our use of the living things He has made. (useful predictions)

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall Fall: Mankind’s first sin and the curse that resulted from that sin

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - There are problems in our environment - Raising plants and animals is a challenging task

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - There are problems in our bodies - A struggle to keep our bodies from sickness, harm, and death

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin All that lives will die.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - Why is life on this planet so tragic? - Where can you find an answer?

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - Life is filled with painful struggle because of human sin.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - The reason why plants and animals are so hard to manage…why giving birth is difficult and dangerous…why we are all destined to the grave

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - God is not unkind or unloving - This is not without meaning

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - Suffering and death are God’s megaphones for speaking to us about our sin.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 1. Physical Effects of the Fall - We have gone astray from Him, and He has made the world go astray from us.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 2. Mental Effects of the Fall - The Fall has also damaged our minds. - We do not think of living things as we should.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 2. Mental Effects of the Fall - We have all inherited the tendency not value God or others as we should. - This tendency has a devastating effect on the work of life science.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 2. Mental Effects of the Fall - Proverbs 1:7 - Fear refers to reverencing, honoring, or highly valuing God

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 2. Mental Effects of the Fall - As long as a person cannot bring himself to value the Creator as he should, he cannot know creation as he should.

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 2. Mental Effects of the Fall - There is much opposition ahead. - Remember that the effects of the Fall are mental and influence the educational realm

B. God Cursed Living Things b/c of Sin 2. Mental Effects of the Fall - The fact that many life scientists reject what the Bible teaches about life is actually proof of the Bible’s truthfulness.

C. God is Redeeming This World to Himself Even though man’s Fall resulted in a world filled with tragedy, God did not intend for the world to remain that way.

C. God is Redeeming This World to Himself Only moments after the first sin, God began to reveal His plan for redeeming humans and their world to Himself Captive – Col 2:8 Gen. 3:15

D. Relieving Human Suffering and Proclaiming the Gospel As Christians, we take seriously the problem of human suffering.

D. Relieving Human Suffering and Proclaiming the Gospel Life Science is one of the most powerful tools for relieving human suffering.

D. Relieving Human Suffering and Proclaiming the Gospel It helps us understand what good health is and identify behaviors and conditions that are harmful. Enables researchers to develop better treatments for all sorts of medical problems (ear infections, diabetes, cancer, etc)

D. Relieving Human Suffering and Proclaiming the Gospel When Christians sacrificially labor to bring healing to others, they show that the gospel really is as powerful as they say. Your work as a student is labor…for the best cause.

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory Is it possible for thoughts about life science to be disobedient to Christ? 2 Cor. 10:5

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory Instead of praising God for His creativity and power, people tend to praise evolution Many value the lives of some animals and plants more than humans

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory Though the heavens declare God’s glory (Psalm 19:1)… Life Science in many schools rarely declares the authority of God.

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory Think about how Life Science can be presented in a way that declares God’s glory. Rev. 4:11

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory This is an exciting time in the history of Life Science! God may call you to be a medical doctor, botanist, researcher, biology professor, etc…

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory Being a medical missionary is just one way to show Christian love. Can you think of others?

E. Reclaiming Life Science for God’s Glory No matter your field, we all will have to use the answers and achievements of science wisely. In the “fear” of the Lord

1. What is the superiority of God’s greatness and goodness over all of His creatures called? REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

1. The glory of God REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

2. What is the scriptural basis for the Dominion Mandate? REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

2. Gen 1:26, 28 REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

3. Does the Dominion Mandate allow us to use creation in any way we desire? Why or why not? REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

3. No. Although man has been given dominion over the earth, he should not abuse or be cruel to any creatures or humans. REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

4. Why did God curse His creation? REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

4. Sin, disobedience… REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

5. List the two types of effects caused by the Fall. REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

5. Physical and mental REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

6. How is God’s work of Redemption related to the study of life science? REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

1) Life science helps us relieve human suffering and thus proclaim God’s truth more effectively …and… REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

2) A Christian can learn how he/she may work to make their part of God’s world “obedient to Christ.” (2 Cor 10:5) REVIEW: Why Study Life Science?

III. Scientific Method Problem MUST be:  Observable  Measurable  Repeatable

III. Scientific Method Establish the Problem

III. Scientific Method Form a Hypothesis

III. Scientific Method Test the Hypothesis

III. Scientific Method Experimental Variable Experimental Group Control Group

III. Scientific Method Classify and Analyze Data

III. Scientific Method Choose & Verify the Answer

III. Scientific Method Final Answer Vs. Workable Answer

III. Scientific Method Predict Outcomes

III. Scientific Method E F T - C C P