Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Interesting Lecture Oxymoron or... ? Interesting Lecture Oxymoron or... ? Ninko Kostovski, PhD American College Skopje, School of Business Administration

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Big Picture Lecture in context of overall studying Lecture in context of overall studying –Is it always clear? –Is it always effective & efficient?

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Lecturing - Various Approaches Teaching - i.e. repeating topics already in text book! Teaching - i.e. repeating topics already in text book! Students: Students: – CAN READ –find boredom and of little value! “Story Telling” taking interesting, but much broader “Story Telling” taking interesting, but much broader Students- Students- –Find amusing, but of little value!

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS If so, then what to do! Know average knowledge retention rates: Know average knowledge retention rates: –5% Lecturing –10% Reading –20% Audiovisual –30% Demonstration –50% Discussion Group –75% Practice by Doing –90% Teaching Others Know average knowledge retention rates: Know average knowledge retention rates: –5% Lecturing –10% Reading –20% Audiovisual –30% Demonstration –50% Discussion Group –75% Practice by Doing –90% Teaching Others

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS If so, then what to do! –Students are different! There are: Visual learners - learn best if information is presented on flip chart, PPTs, videos Visual learners - learn best if information is presented on flip chart, PPTs, videos Listeners - prefer to hear information through discussion, lecture, or audio record Listeners - prefer to hear information through discussion, lecture, or audio record Kinesthetic learners learn by doing, by interacting with others, event touching objects Kinesthetic learners learn by doing, by interacting with others, event touching objects

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Plan every event carefully Know your students Know your students Set objectives for each event Set objectives for each event Set agenda for each event Set agenda for each event Organize Room & Tools Organize Room & Tools

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Know your students Concept of Time: Concept of Time: –students have different concept of time Capacity to learn: Capacity to learn: –Attention fails sharply every 20 minutes! –Human brain can keep up to 7 concepts at once

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Know your students Establish rapport: Establish rapport: Use language, situations, people they know... Use language, situations, people they know... Adjust agenda to their major! Adjust agenda to their major! BALZAC is also a Japanese Horror Punk band

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Set objectives for each event Define objectives for each of event Define objectives for each of event Communicate these objectives Communicate these objectives Be clear and direct: Be clear and direct: –You will understand....., be able to...

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Set Agenda Make detailed Agenda (List all parts) Make detailed Agenda (List all parts) Name content and skills covered Name content and skills covered Show time allocated for each part Show time allocated for each part Person responsible Person responsible Materials needed (PPTs, Flip Chart, White Board..) Materials needed (PPTs, Flip Chart, White Board..)

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Design Content –Minimum two tools & stiles per event PPts, Discussion, Role Play, Video, Case Study, Guest speaker, visit... PPts, Discussion, Role Play, Video, Case Study, Guest speaker, visit... –Three parts: Introduction Introduction How event fits into Syllabus How event fits into Syllabus Link with previous lectures -briefly Link with previous lectures -briefly Topic 1, 2, Topic 1, 2, Wrap Up & Next event Wrap Up & Next event

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS Students’ reflections –After every break and at end of each part ask questions to help students: To recall: To recall: –What we were doing so far? –What was the purpose? To provoke reaction: To provoke reaction: –What surprised you? –What part did you like the best? –What part did you like the least? To interpret or synthesize: To interpret or synthesize: –What new we learned, skills acquired? –What is the significance of this experience? –What are the implications ?

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS ROOM –Should : Be conducive to learning Be conducive to learning Allow easy moving around Allow easy moving around Allow students to participate, give and receive regular feedback Allow students to participate, give and receive regular feedback –Organize the room in way that : Achievements of all students is equally visible Achievements of all students is equally visible All students have equal opportunity to participate All students have equal opportunity to participate

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS PERSON –Find faculty member that best fits with event, message you want to convey, skills needed... How Eurovision would like if composers sing! How Eurovision would like if composers sing! How NBA will look if coaches Play? How NBA will look if coaches Play? So: So: –Why should a PhD in its 50s be best option for every event for 30 years younger students?

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS FactorFactorFactorFactorFactor PPTs Text Book Video Role Play Internet Discussion Visit a site Case Study Group Work (Project) Guest Speaker Doing (Project) Teaching Others TOOLS- Pro & Contra

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –Power Point Transparencies Powerful if properly used Powerful if properly used Should be support - not to run the show Should be support - not to run the show –Disadvantages: Steal attention! Steal attention! Tend to control you Tend to control you Dependent on equipment... Dependent on equipment... –Common mistakes: Too much content! Too much content! READING PPTs READING PPTs

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –PPTs Golden Rule : Not more then: –7 slides per topic –7 lines per slide –7 words per line –Use pictures, colors, videos, but avoid clutter! –Delete articles the & a/an –Avoid white letters & use strong contrast! –Check color of your LCD Projector! –Check FONTS (carry peculiar fonts with you!)

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –Videos: Very powerful and exciting! Very powerful and exciting! But: But: –Make them short with strong message! –Chose known characters when ever possible! Disadvantages: Disadvantages: –Some videos cover more then actual topic! –Can steal control too! –Difficult to obtain

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –ROLE PLAY Effective, amusing & very powerful Effective, amusing & very powerful After initial hesitation participants enjoy After initial hesitation participants enjoy Very strong message & vivid discussion after Very strong message & vivid discussion after –Disadvantages: Difficult to find suitable ROLE PLAY Difficult to find suitable ROLE PLAY Need preparation, tools... Need preparation, tools...

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –Case Study Diligent and with sufficient details Diligent and with sufficient details Help critical thinking Help critical thinking –Disadvantages: Students work alone & lack of Interaction Students work alone & lack of Interaction Cases often too factious Cases often too factious –Hint: Students do not like them- combine them with group work!

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –Team Work on Projects –Fosters: –Creativity; –Discipline; –Tim spirit –Tolerance Disadvantages: Disadvantages: –Social loafing! –Outsourcing!

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –TEXT BOOKS Modern design Modern design Abundance of additional tools Abundance of additional tools –DISADVANTAGES Over-cluttered Over-cluttered Unpractical Unpractical Too expensive Too expensive Lack of local examples Lack of local examples Tend to become obsolete Tend to become obsolete

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –Students Teach Students like initiative Students like initiative Develop various skills Develop various skills Have to read Have to read –DISADVANTAGES Bigger engagement Bigger engagement

Dr. Ninko Kostovski UACS TOOLS –INTERNET Time efficient Time efficient Practical Practical Students familiar with it Students familiar with it Allows drill down learning! Allows drill down learning! – DISADVANTAGES Content too vague or too specific Content too vague or too specific Many attention spoilers! Many attention spoilers!