Bell Ringer: 10/18 Take a worksheet from the front, do not write on it. Take a worksheet from the front, do not write on it. On your blue sheet: Organize the following terms from MOST encompassing to LEAST encompassing: On your blue sheet: Organize the following terms from MOST encompassing to LEAST encompassing: community, biosphere, population, ecosystem, organism PS-”encompassing” means: to include, to form a ring around…so think of it as which includes the most of the others

Announcements Yesterday’s half sheet is due on Thurs. Yesterday’s half sheet is due on Thurs. If you did not complete it in class yesterday, you have 2 options: If you did not complete it in class yesterday, you have 2 options: –1. Google the title of the article (it is on the half sheet), and complete the questions using your computer. –2. Come before school tomorrow (1 st per. 315) or after school (after 9 th 313) to finish it If you have not taken the exam from last week you need to come during tutoring TOMORROW to take it. Any exams not made up by Fri become ZEROS! If you have not taken the exam from last week you need to come during tutoring TOMORROW to take it. Any exams not made up by Fri become ZEROS!

Principles of Ecology: Organisms & Their Environment Ch. 2, Sec. 1 If you can write quickly, take notes…otherwise you are expected to access these online from the HW page to study!!

What is Ecology? Ecology = study of interactions between organisms & their environment Ecology = study of interactions between organisms & their environment

Disruptions to the environment can ripple throughout the entire ecosystem Disruptions to the environment can ripple throughout the entire ecosystem

Biosphere Biosphere = parts of Earth and its atmosphere that support life, from the sky down to the bottom of the ocean Biosphere = parts of Earth and its atmosphere that support life, from the sky down to the bottom of the ocean

Biotic Factors = the living parts of an ecosystem Biotic Factors = the living parts of an ecosystem Abiotic Factors = the nonliving parts of an ecosystem (sun, temperature, pH, gasses, water) that are part of an organism’s life Abiotic Factors = the nonliving parts of an ecosystem (sun, temperature, pH, gasses, water) that are part of an organism’s life

Levels of Organization From LARGE to small 1. Biosphere 1. Biosphere

2. Ecosystem = the biotic & abiotic parts of an environment found in a particular place 2. Ecosystem = the biotic & abiotic parts of an environment found in a particular place –The biosphere is made up of many different ecosystems

3. Communities = all the interacting living organisms in an area, all the different species 3. Communities = all the interacting living organisms in an area, all the different species

4. Populations = all members of the same species living in one place, at one time 4. Populations = all members of the same species living in one place, at one time

5. Organism = the individual organism 5. Organism = the individual organism

Organisms in Ecosystems Habitat = the place where an organism lives out its life Habitat = the place where an organism lives out its life Niche = all strategies & adaptations a species uses in its environment; an species’ role Niche = all strategies & adaptations a species uses in its environment; an species’ role –What food they eat –What kind of shelter used –Where they reproduce

Having a specific role in an environment helps reduce competition Having a specific role in an environment helps reduce competition

Survival Relationships (2 kinds) A. Symbiosis = organisms living closely together; 3 types of symbiosis A. Symbiosis = organisms living closely together; 3 types of symbiosis

1. Mutualism = 2 species of organisms benefit from each other 1. Mutualism = 2 species of organisms benefit from each other

2. Commensalism = one species benefits & the other is neither harmed nor benefited 2. Commensalism = one species benefits & the other is neither harmed nor benefited

3. Parasitism = one species benefits at the expense of another species 3. Parasitism = one species benefits at the expense of another species

B. Predation = a predator eats another organism for food B. Predation = a predator eats another organism for food

Worksheet: Deer: Predation or Starvation Read the scenario. Read the scenario. There are 2 columns of data that you need to calculate. There are 2 columns of data that you need to calculate. –Deer pop. change: calculate first for previous yr) # of deer born - #died (predation and starvation) # of deer born - #died (predation and starvation) –Deer pop: calculate AFTER you have the deer pop. change for the previous year Deer pop fr. Previous yr + pop. Change fr. Previous year Deer pop fr. Previous yr + pop. Change fr. Previous year Complete graph (line for deer pop and wolf pop) Complete graph (line for deer pop and wolf pop) Analysis ?’s on the back Analysis ?’s on the back Due Thurs. Due Thurs.

izes/biology/Ecology/typesofinteractionsex amples.htm izes/biology/Ecology/typesofinteractionsex amples.htm izes/biology/Ecology/typesofinteractionsex amples.htm izes/biology/Ecology/typesofinteractionsex amples.htm

Practice Cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of other birds and allow them to raise their chick usually at the expense of the offspring of the other species. Cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of other birds and allow them to raise their chick usually at the expense of the offspring of the other species. What would happen to a forest community if the cowbird population increased? What would happen to a forest community if the cowbird population increased?