Cities and Metropolitan Areas GEOG 441 Introduction

Introduction Syllabus Members of Class Course Themes & Projects Lecture: Urban Morphology

Urban Morphology Urban Form Townscape Morphogenesis

Townscape Basic building blocks * lot/ land organization * placement of streets

Savannah Streetscape (1734)

Morphogenesis

Morphology of Three Colonial Cities Three regions with different economies, social worlds, and political “cultures” New England Mid-Atlantic South

Atlantic Trading World – Mercantile Economy

Character of Colonies New England – 1620s; Puritan merchants Mid-Atlantic – mid-1600s; English Common Law South – late 1600s; Plantation based agriculture; manorial system

New England Townscape Organic – oriented to port functions & other topographic features (Ex.: Boston; Portland, Portsmouth) Bastidal – European new towns; egalitarian land assignment – orthogonal plan (Ex.: New Haven, Cambridge)

Bastide – European New Towns Salisbury’s “chequers”

New England - Boston Organic Design: response to the topography & priorities of use Port town: oriented to water & wharfs Functional lay-out and land use patterns (Ex. “the commons”)

Quincy Market - Wharfs

Quincy Market – Faneuil Hall

Boston Commons

Mid-Atlantic - Philadelphia American Grid Land speculator’s model Egalitarian – bastide influence plus “London Rebuilt”

Grid Pattern Town - Planned Surveyed in 1682

Penn’s Plan “ a greene country town” “a great towne” – selling lots to British speculators; land sale rather than land use determined the form Laid out – one mile X two Town squares for public use