Do now Turn in 1 cm 3 = 1 ml lab Take out your homework (graphic organizer) And put everything else away… Homework Check; You can use your homework on it

Tonight’s Homework Finish Matter homework Finish Safety Lab from Friday

Figure out what makes the 2 columns different and then classify the bottom terms Water Iron Sugar Gatorade Sugar Water Salad What about; Aluminum, cereal, coffee, oxygen

Whats my rule? Mud Garbage Chocolate chip cookie dough Salt water Kool-aid Tap water What about: Iced Tea, a bag of skittles

Whats my rule? Sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) CuSO 4 Water Iron Hydrogren Helium What about: FeO, Mercury

Today’s Focus What is Chemistry?

MATTER!!! Chemistry is all about the study of matter Matter is simply anything that has a definite mass and volume.

Hmm…. Is there anything in this room that would be considered matter?

Substances Are types of pure (homogeneous) matter – containing the same composition of material throughout the sample Cant distinguish different parts Which is a substance?

Substances; Elements Elements cannot be decomposed by chemical change. They are made up of 1 type of atom Symbols are either 1 capital letter or 2 letters, the first of which is capitalize – O, N, C, Ni, Fe, Li, Xe.

Substances; Elements

Atoms are The smallest part of an element that still retains the properties of that element. The basic building block CAN NOT BE BROKEN DOWN (without changing its properties).

Substances; Elements; Atoms Made up of protons and neutrons on the inside and electrons on the outside Inside is called the nucleus Outside has energy levels where the electrons are found.

Substances; Compounds Compounds are pure substances that are a combination of 2 or more atoms of different elements bonded together chemically CAN BE BROKEN DOWN into separate elements. – 2 H 2 O  2 H 2 + O 2

Whats my rule K Al Kr SrS MnO 2 HCN What about; Na 2 SO 4, Mn

Mixtures Physically combined Example: C 6 H 12 O 6 (sugar) + water  C 6 H 12 O 6 (sugar) + water They are combined, but the sugar doesn’t chemically react with the water.  the sugar is still sugar, and the water is still water…

Mixture Dot Diagram See how we have 2 different things mixed together Red and blue are bound together (compound) and yellow (element) is mixed with it

Mixtures: Homogenous Remember, homogeneous means that it is uniform throughout the mixture. – Cant distinguish one part from another.

Mixtures; Homogeneous Aqueous solution: Water + stuff Tincture: Alcohol + stuff Amalgam: Mercury + stuff Alloys: Mixture of 2 metals.

Mixtures; Heterogeneous Variable composition throughout the sample Examples: – Italian Salad dressing – Soil When looking at these things it is easy to see the varied composition.

You tell me; Homogeneous or Heterogeneous Salad Ocean water Cereal and milk Cream corn (yum) Coffee

You tell me; Substance or Mixture H 2 O H 2 O + salt Al N 2 Hot chocolate (with mini-marshmallows of course)

Illustrating Types of Matter; Dot Diagrams Each dot represents a single atom. Different types of dots are different types of elements Ex; Different phases of the same element: Solid Liquid Gas

What are these dot diagrams for? Element Diatomic Molecule (not a compound since its only 1 type of atom) Compound (2 different elements bonded together) Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture

Sorting Practice Around the room are boxes with stuff The box is divided into 4 sections; – Homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, substance and element You will classify the stuff and record your answers on the graphic organizer 7 minutes

Changes of Matter They can either be physical or chemical Physical: Doesn’t Change the Identity of the matter, just its form Chemical: changes the identity of the matter

You tell me; Physical or Chemical? The paint has worn away, so the steel body of an old car begins to rust (rust forms when iron reacts with oxygen…) – Chemical Potassium thiocyanate crystals dissolve easily into water. – Phyiscal

You tell me; Physical or Chemical? A 10.0 g sample of lauric acid can be melted by adding heat. – Physical Sodium metal explosively reacts with water to form hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide. – Chemical

Physical Changes Melting Boiling Dissolving Evaporating Crushing Stretching Changing its shape

Chemical changes Rusting (Iron reacting with oxygen) Burning (Reacting with Oxygen) Decomposing (Breaking bonds) – 2 H 2 O  2 H 2 + O 2 Reacting with… X + Y  XY A new compound was made!

Chemical Change

Look on the graphic organizer #1 and #2 have to do with types of change Write in what type of change (physical or chemical) belongs in each space Check that your name is on them and pass them to the left

Rest of the period: Take out the homework packet and work on the matter homework Homework for tonight: Finish the matter homework and the Safety Lab from Friday