Ch. 4, Sec. 4 French and Indian War Main Idea England and France fought for control of North America. The French and Indian War resulted from this struggle. Objectives  Know how British fortunes improved after William Pitt took over direction of the war.  Be familiar with how Chief Pontiac united his people to fight for their land.

British Take Action  Early in war, ______ appeared to be winning control of American land. 1.Built strong forts in Great Lakes and Ohio River Valley region. 2.Strong alliances with Native Americans (allowed them to control land from St. Lawrence River down to New Orleans). 3.British colonists received little help from Britain to fight French.  1754—Britain sent General ______ ________.  Unsuccessful in forcing French out of Ft. Duquesne.  June 1755—British set out w/1400 red-coated soldiers.  George Washington served as one of his aides and advised him to march differently through the dense forest.  Braddock ignored advice.  July 9—force of Native Americans + French ________ the British.  Suffered nearly 1000 casualties... himself included.

Britain Declares War on France  Defeat spurred Britain to declare war on France.  ______ Years’ War began in  Prussia fought France & its allies in Europe.  Britain fought France in the Caribbean, India, and North America. Pitt Takes Charge  Early years, British not successful.  ____________ became prime minister of Britain.  Britain paid for war supplies—put them into debt! (Colonists would have to pay for bill from raised taxes!!!)  Sent British troops to conquer French Canada (recaptured Ft. Louisbourg).  New Englanders, led by British officers, captured Ft. Frontenac.  Troops forced French to abandon Ft. __________, which was later renamed Ft. Pitt.

Fall of New France  British victories led to downfall of French power.  British captured many French islands in West Indies.  British defeated French in India.  British destroyed French fleet in Canada.  British surprised and defeated French army at Battle of _______.  Quebec was capital of New France and was thought to be impossible to attack.  ____________of 1763 ended war. Treaty stated: 1.France kept some of its islands in West Indies, but gave Canada and most of its lands east of Miss. River to Britain. 2.Great Britain gained _______ from Spain. 3.Spain received lands west of the Miss. River (Louisiana Territory) and port of New Orleans.  N. America now divided between Britain & Spain w/__________ River being boundary

Pontiac’s War  British victory left ______ ______ w/o their main ally & trading partner.  Raised prices of goods, didn’t pay them for their land, and started new settlements in western Pennsylvania.  ________ was chief of Ottawa village near Detroit.  Put together an alliance of Nat. Amer. people in  In spring:  they attacked British fort at Detroit  Captured British outposts in Great Lakes region  Led series of raids called Pontiac’s War along PA & VA frontiers.  War ended in August 1765 when Pontiac’s allies (Shawnee & Delaware people) were defeated.  July 1766, he signed a peace treaty and was pardoned by the British.

Proclamation of 1763  To prevent more fighting, Britain prevented settlers’ westward expansion.  Proclamation of _____, created by King George III declared ___________ Mountains were temporary boundary for colonies.  Eventually created more conflicts between Britain and colonies.  Especially those people who owned or invested land west of the mountains.