Bell Ringer “examples”  COMPOUND MICROSCOPE Zacharias Janssen was a Dutch lens-maker who invented the first compound microscope in 1595 (a compound microscope is one which has more than one lens). His microscope consisted of two tudes that slid within one another, and had a lens at each end. The microscope was focused by sliding the tubes.  PASTEUR, LOUIS Louis Pasteur ( ) was a French chemist and inventor. Pasteur studied the process of fermentation, and postulated that fermentation was produced by microscopic organisms (other than yeast), which Pasteur called germs. He hypothesized that these germs might be responsible for some diseases. Applying his theories to foods and drinks, Pasteur invented a heating process (now called pasteurization) which sterilizes food, killing micro-organisms that contaminate it.  ROENTGEN, WILHELM VON X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Konrad von Roentgen ( ). Roentgen was a German physicist who described this new form of radiation that allowed him to photograph objects that were hidden behind opaque shields. X-rays were soon used as an important diagnostic tool in medicine. Roentgen called these waves "X-radiation" because so little was known about them.X-rays  ELION, GERTRUDE Gertrude Belle Elion (January 23, February 21, 1999) was a Nobel Prize winning biochemist who invented many life-saving drugs, including 6-mercaptopurine She is named on 45 patents for drugs and her work has saved the lives of thousands of people.

Bell Ringer “Sanitation and Hygiene”

Bell Ringer “Sanitation and Hygiene”  Sir Alexander Fleming Founder of Penicillin Penicillin is one of the earliest discovered and widely used antibiotic agents, derived from the Penicillium mold. Antibiotics are natural substances that are released by bacteria and fungi into the their environment, as a means of inhibiting other organisms - it is chemical warfare on a microscopic scale.

Bell Ringer Tools of Science 