Modern Africa

Timeline ’s - present South Africa won self-rule from Great Britain African National Congress (ANC) opposed white domination Apartheid set up in S. Africa Ghana won independence Kwame Nkrumah Sharpeville Massacre – South Africa Kenya gains independence Jomo Kenyatta Organization of African Unity (OAU) Nelson Mandela freed after 27 years in prison Nelson Mandela elected president of S. Africa Rwanda Civil War – Hutus & Tutsis Darfur, Sudan – Civil War

Vocabulary

Kikuyu African farmers in Kenya

Refugee A person who fled his or her own homeland to seek safety somewhere else.

Tribalism Loyalty to one’s ethnic tribe, rather than their nation.

Genocide An attempt to destroy an entire ethnic or religious group.

Mau Mau Radical Kenyan nationalists that used Guerrilla warfare to fight for independence

Organization of African Unity OAU –African group to promote cooperation among members and seek peaceful solutions to disputes

Desertification Spread of desert areas

AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome –Epidemic – 24.5 million people infected

Sahel Semi-desert region south of the Sahara Desert

Deforestation Rainforests cleared, cut down

Apartheid Legal separation of the races

Homelands Areas where blacks were forced to live in South Africa – bad soil, ghettos

African National Congress ANC –South African group opposed to White Domination – used boycotts, marches, & strikes

Janjaweed Arab militiamen backed by the Sudan Government