The building blocks of matter! ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

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Presentation transcript:

The building blocks of matter! ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

/nb_pinacoteca_carracci_agostino_democritus.jpg 250px-Jj-thomson2.jpg/ /250px-Jj- thomson2.jpg rutherford1.jpg/ /rutherford1.jpg com/bp/images/Niels_Bohr.jpg ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms Atoms are the smallest part of matter ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Solid ball Daltons Atomic Theory All matter is made of atoms Atoms of same element are same, of different elements are different Atoms combine to form compound Atoms can not be broken down ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Fixed electrons surrounded by positive material ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Central positive center (nucleus) Surrounded by Electrons ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Positive center of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons that travel in fixed orbits ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Positive nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud where electrons are likely found ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

All matter is made up of atoms Atoms can be broken down into smaller particles Atoms combine to form compounds *Atoms of the same element always have the same number of protons. *Atoms of the same element can have different masses. These are called “isotopes.” ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Charge = positive 1 (+1) Mass = 1 amu Location inside nucleus ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number. Elements are arranged in the table by increasing atomic number Does not change ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Charge = none (0) Mass = 1 amu Location inside nucleus ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

The number of protons plus the number neutrons within the nucleus This helps identify the Isotope of the element (same Number of protons different number of neutrons) AKA: Average Atomic Mass ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Represents the element name with the atomic number and mass number ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

Charge = negative 1 (-1) mass= 1/1836 of a proton Location orbit around the nucleus __ ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees

An atom is a neutral particle The net charge is zero Number of electrons = Number of protons 16 protons = 16 electrons ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees