Masters of the Universe a brief history of science

… in the beginning

How did people make sense of this world? MYTHS and LEGENDS It required people with great intellect and talent to question these established MYTHS and LEGENDS and provide new explanations. It also took a very long time for these new explanations to be accepted.

Who were these great thinkers?

- Considered the first scientist - Observations guide thought - Made lists of everything he could - Studied physics, astronomy, biology, zoology, botany, embryology, poetry, theater, logic, politics, government, ethics, etc… - Everything can be solved in the mind - Did not believe in experimenting: no equipment

- Proposed that the Sun was the center of the solar system NOT the Earth - Provided the first mathematical model - Ptolemaic System (Earth at the Center) was universally accepted since antiquity

- Experiments are important - Combines mathematics with science - With Math and Measurement science can become precise - Developed the ‘Principle of Relativity’ - Connected his ‘Principle of Relativity’ to the motion of the Earth - Developed mathematical formulas to calculate ‘trajectory’ - Makes a copy of a Dutch Spyglass and discovers the TELESCOPE

- Published ‘Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy’ - Formulates the Idea of Universal Gravitation - Explains the motion of the moons and planets - Tells how to find the masses of the Sun and planets - Ties the Earth to the whole Universe

- Describes motion with 3 basic laws 1a) Objects at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by another force 1b) Objects in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by another force 2) Acceleration is based upon force and mass. 3) For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

- Makes discoveries about the nature of light - Invented the Reflection Telescope - Understands the need for experimentation and proof - Co developed Calculus - Describes waves mathematically - Explains how to determine the speed of sound

Special Relativity speed of light is constant spacetime is flexible Mass-Energy Equivalence tiny amounts of mass could be converted into huge amounts of energy E=MC 2 Nature of Light moves as packets of energy Brownian Motion explained the random movement of very, very, very small objects (proved the existence of atoms)

Prove that mass can travel faster than light Fold Spacetime to allow instantaneous travel across loooong distances Unify Einstein’s ‘Theory of Gravity’ with the fundamental ‘Laws of Physics’ Create a fat-free chocolate-chip cookie that tastes good