IPS Unit 11 Nomenclature Section 2. Binary Covalent Compounds Covalent compounds are those formed between elements that are both nonmetals  both elements.

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Presentation transcript:

IPS Unit 11 Nomenclature Section 2

Binary Covalent Compounds Covalent compounds are those formed between elements that are both nonmetals  both elements are to the right of the staircase Use prefixes to tell how many atoms there are of each element  because it is a covalent bond (sharing electrons), there are no charges to work with

Binary Covalent Compounds The least electronegative one is listed first  the element further to the left is listed first First element uses the name of the element Second element uses the name with the end changed to –ide Do NOT use mono- on the first element

Binary Covalent Compounds Practice CCl 4 Monocarbon Tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride N2O3N2O3 Dinitrogen Trioxide

Binary Covalent Compounds Practice S 3 Br 5 Trisulfur Pentbromide Carbon Dioxide CO 2

NO Cl 2 O 7 Bromine Pentafluoride Trinitrogen Octasulfide Binary Covalent Compounds Practice Nitrogen Monoxide Dichloride Hexaoxide BrF 5 N3S8N3S8

Compounds with Added Water Some ionic compounds have water molecules as part of their structure. These compounds are called hydrates. A hydrate is a compound that has water chemically attached to its ions and written into its chemical formula.  The water is like a body guard; it is attached to the molecule and stays with it A compound is said to be hydrated if it contains water.

Compounds with Added Water When writing a formula that contains a hydrate, the number of water molecules is shown after a dot (∙). Following the dot a number indicates how many water molecules are attached. The same prefixes are used when naming hydrates. The main ionic compound is named the regular way, but the number of water molecules in the hydrate is indicated by the prefix. The above substance is called Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate.

Compounds with Added Water When a solution of cobalt(II) chloride evaporates, pink crystals that contain six water molecules for each unit of cobalt chloride are formed. What is the formula? CoCl 2 6 H 2 O

Compounds without Added Water The water from a hydrate can be removed. When this happens it is now considered anhydrous. An anhydrous is a compound without water.