Cognitive Psychology Study of thinking processes Based on computer metaphor i.e. we try to understand the mind by comparing it to a computer: InputProcessingOutput.

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Presentation transcript:

Cognitive Psychology Study of thinking processes Based on computer metaphor i.e. we try to understand the mind by comparing it to a computer: InputProcessingOutput Storage

Memory How many different memory stores do people have? How do they differ from each other?

Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) Serial position experiment PPs hear a list of words. Asked to recall them in any order (free recall) Cond 1: immediate free recall Cond 1: immediate free recall Cond 2: free recall after interference task Cond 2: free recall after interference task To obtain results, plotted position of each word in the list against how many of the PPs recalled it

Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) % recall by PPs Position in word list With interference task Without interference task Primacy Effect: LTM Recency Effect: STM

Glanzer & Cunitz (1966) Results: PPs recalled more words at beginning (primacy) and end (recency) of the list PPs recalled more words at beginning (primacy) and end (recency) of the list The interference task removed the recency but not the primacy effect The interference task removed the recency but not the primacy effect Implies that primacy words were stored somewhere different to recency words We have two separate memory stores memory storesmemory stores

STM & LTM STM and LTM differ in a number of ways including: Function (what they are used for) Function (what they are used for) Capacity (how much info they can hold) Capacity (how much info they can hold) Duration (how long info can be held for) Duration (how long info can be held for) Encoding (the form in which info is stored) Encoding (the form in which info is stored) Forgetting (how info is lost from storage) Forgetting (how info is lost from storage)