Wilkins Crick Watson Franklin

nucleotide

Why do offspring resemble their parents? The offspring have copies of the parents’ chromosomes Chromosomes contain sets of instructions Those instructions are called GENES Genes are made up of DNA

In what year was DNA finally concluded to be genetic material? 1944 HINT: D-Day: This is the U.S. Coast Guard at Normandy

the three parts of a NUCLEOTIDE ? Nitrogen base Phosphate 5-carbon sugar molecule (deoxyribose)

The letters DNA stand for what words? Deoxyribonucleic acid

4 different NITROGEN bases Adenine Thymine

Guanine cytosine

Class of organic molecules for ADENINE and GUANINE purines LARGE

Class of organic molecules for thymine and cytosine pyrimidines SMALL

Purines have how many rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms? 2

Pyrimidines have how many rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms? 1

Base-pairing rule Thymine always goes with Adenine Cytosine always goes with Guanine

Watson, Crick and Wilkins 3 scientists who won the Nobel Prize by understanding the 3-deminsional structure of DNA 1953………Nobel Prize in 1962

Only males were allowed in the university dining rooms, and after hours Franklin's colleagues went to men- only pubs. Rosalind Franklin

Describe a double helix Spiral staircase

In the DNA structure of the ‘twisted ladder’ (spiral staircase) the rungs are held together by what bond? HYDROGEN

The process of making a new DNA strand is called REPLICATION

Before REPLICATION can begin The double helix must be UNWOUND

The UNWINDING of the DNA strand is accomplished by ENZYMES called HELICASES

Differences between DNA and RNA DNARNA 2 strands of nucleotides Single strand of nucleotides 5-carbon sugar deoxyribose (‘de’ means without an OH ) 5-Carbon ribose (sugar) thymineUracil

Now you try it Draw 5 pairs of nucleotides, labeling each part.