Development. Learning objectives Ovulation and fertilization Implantation Embryonic and fetal development Labor and birth Postnatal development.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Pregnancy, Growth and Development
Advertisements

Embryology From Egg to Embryo A. Terms
Survey of Embryonic Development
Mature ovum (ovulated secondary oocyte)
Unit 5: Chapters 19, 20 & 21 Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
Development.
The Reproductive System
Outline the role of the epididymis, seminal vesicle and prostate gland in the production of semen.
Fetal Development. Lesson Objective The student will explain the development of a fetus in the uterus. Subobjective 1: The student will describe the different.
Pregnancy and Development
Chapter 28 - Pregnancy and Human Development
Reproduction & Development Chp 21. GAMETE FORMATION Meiotic division produces Haploid Gametes Egg Sperm.
Note:  At 4 days a zygote becomes an embryo  At 8 weeks an embryo is called a fetus.
Aim: What happens after fertilization? Do Now: Describe the process of fertilization. A sperm enters an ovum, and the nuclei combine to form one with 46.
Chapter 24: Development. Chapter 24.1: Embryonic Period.
Survey of Embryonic Development
BIOLOGY CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS Fourth Edition Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Neil A. Campbell Jane B. Reece Lawrence.
Topic 5: Fertilization to Embryonic Development
Animal development Chapter 37.
Human Development.
Development.
Sexual Reproduction in the Human Pregnancy, Birth & Breastfeeding.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology SIXTH EDITION Frederic H. Martini PowerPoint.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2007, 2003, 2000 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 1 Chapter 27 Human Development and Heredity.
CONCEPTION, DEVELOPMENT, AND BIRTH CHAPTER 46 (AP BOOK)
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Seventh Edition Elaine N. Marieb Chapter.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology SIXTH EDITION Frederic H. Martini Lecture.
1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Human Biology Sylvia S. Mader Michael Windelspecht Chapter.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings C h a p t e r 29 Development and Inheritance PowerPoint® Lecture Slides.
The Reproductive System. The female reproductive system produces female gametes (eggs), provides a receptacle for male gametes (sperm), and provides structures.
Embryonic Development
Fertilization and development
Development Chapter 29. Fertilization Zygote undergoes a series of mitotic cell divisions called cleavage zygote  2-cell stage  4-cell stage  8-cell.
Development and Inheritance. Embryo The first two months following fertilization The first two months following fertilization.
Bio 449Lecture 35 – Female Reproductive Physiology IIDec. 8, 2010 Menstrual cycle (cont’d) Hormonal cycle (review) Uterine cycle Proliferative phase Secretory.
The Human Body: Part 2 The Human Body: Part 2 An Every Day Miracle.
REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT. A METHOD OF REPRODUCTIONIN WHICH ALL GENES PASSED ON TO THE OFFSPRING COME FROM A SINGLE INDIVIDUAL OR PARENT.
Pregnancy & Development. Fertilization Timing (egg “good for hours; sperm “good” for hours) Oviduct Capacitation enables sperm to fertilize.
Chapter 23 Pregnancy, Growth, and Development
Biology 12 Unit 2: Reproduction and Development Pregnancy.
REPRODUCTION. A. All living things are made of cells that REPRODUCE.
Human Development. Fertilization n Must occur within 24hrs postovulation n Requires capacitated sperm (6-8hrs) n Secondary oocyte completes Meiosis II.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 16 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
The Female Reproductive System Chapter 39-3 Part 2.
Pregnancy, Growth and Development. nuclei of ovum and sperm unite to form a zygote.
Development.
Chapter 40 HUMAN REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT. A. Male Reproductive System Consists of testes, a network of tubules & glandular secretions. Testis Scrotum.
Ch 34 – Section 3 & 4 Development Conception  embryonic development  fetal development  birth Oocyte in suspended meiosis II at ovulation (in tube)
13/11/
What is this?.
Embryonic Differentiation & Development
Process of Fertilization
Chapter 18: Growth and Development
Chapter 29 Development & Inheritance
Pregnancy and Human Development
Unit 5 Chapter 28 Pregnancy and human development.
Reproductive System.
Conception and Fetal Development
PREGNANCY The presence of a developing offspring in the uterus.
Chapter 18 Development.
Fertilization, Pregnancy and birth
Development.
Embryonic Development
Fertilization and Development
Unit 8: Mammalian Reproduction
Fertilization and Embryonic Development
Stages of Pregnancy and Development
Fertilization & Pregnancy
Presentation transcript:

Development

Learning objectives Ovulation and fertilization Implantation Embryonic and fetal development Labor and birth Postnatal development

Ovulation Spikes in FSH and LH stimulate ovulation of a secondary oocyte Secondary oocytes do not complete meiosis until fertilization

Ovulation of a secondary oocyte

Egg and sperm Secondary oocyte has a layer of follicular cells and the protective zona pellucida Acrosome of sperm contain enzymes for passing the corona radiata and zona pellucida

The acrosome on sperm requires about 7 hrs for activation Enzymes from the acrosome – Disrupt the attachments between cells of the corona radiata and the zona pellucida – Allows the sperm to reach the oocyte

Modern IVF techniques create significant ethical questions Combined with PCR, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis is possible for 8-cell embryos A single cell can be sampled What can be learned about an embryo from looking at its DNA?

The union of the sperm and the egg that results in a cell with 46 chromosomes is called a(n): A) embryo. B) zygote. C) fetus. D) trophoblast.

Fertilization until first cleavage

Identical and fraternal twins

Gastrulation allows formation of differential tissues from the inner cell mass Gastrulation- forming of a gastrula- a primitive gut Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm are formed

Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm give rise do different tissues The inner cell mass of the blastocyst undergoes gastrulation, forming ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm, which will ultimately give rise to all the tissues of the body

When two secondary oocytes are released from the ovaries and are fertilized by different sperm cells, this is called: A) fraternal twins. B) identical twins. C) conjoined twins. D) clones.

Implantation The embryo release human chorionic gonadotropin Alerts the mother’s body to its presence, thereby sustaining the corpus luteum throughout pregnancy

The outermost layer of blastocyst cells give rise to the extraembryonic membranes- amniotic sac, umbilical cord and chorionic villi of the placenta

The placenta is the interface between fetal and maternal circulation allows the transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the mother’s blood to the fetus Prevents the mixing of fetal and maternal blood, allowing for differences in blood type between mother and child

Sexual development Male and female reproductive structures are formed from the same tissue Differentiated by the presence of absence of the SRY gene region of the Y chromosome

A male has a genetic disease coded for on his Y chromosome. Which parent passed on this trait? A) The mom B) The dad C) Either the mom or dad D) Neither parent: it is a spontaneous mutation

Because organs such as the lungs are not used in utero, fetal circulation is arranged differently from the circulatory pathway of adults

Fetal development is most susceptible to birth-defect causing environmental insults between weeks 3 and 16

Growth of the fetus is allometric, and continues to be allometric until development is complete at adulthood

Labor is the painful process of birthing a baby, and consists of dilation, expulsion, and placental stages

Lactation cannot begin until a baby is delivered Colostrum and milk both contain antibodies which protect a baby against disease during its infancy

Which of the following functions to maintain the corpus luteum and to stimulate it to continue to produce the hormone progesterone? A) Human chorionic gonadotropin B) Progesterone C) Estrogen D) Testosterone