How The Earth Works. The Solid Earth Earth Science Geology – Solid Earth Much Larger than Other Parts – Many More Kinds of Materials – Preserves a.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Items for Teachers to Prepare for the HSPE Quality Test Preparation DOK Levels Item Specs State Standards.
Advertisements

Earth SC-202 Physical Geology. Instructor Prof. Steven Dutch Office: LS 402 Phone: Home Page: Office.
Introduction to Earth Science
Great Ideas in Science: Lecture 9 – Earth as a Planet Professor Robert Hazen UNIV 301 Great Idea: Earth, one of the planets that orbits the Sun, formed.
Earth Science The Changing Earth. Geology The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the earth. Study of the earth and the processes.
How The Earth Works. The Solid Earth Earth Science Geology –Solid Earth Much Larger than Other Parts –Many More Kinds of Materials –Preserves a History.
LiDAR and Geoscience Education – Opportunities and Challenges.
Geology Unit Review. Charles Darwin suggested that organisms could change over time through what process? Natural selection.
Edward J. Tarbuck & Frederick K. Lutgens
Earth Astronomy 311 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 12.
1.Intro to geology 2.Plate tectonics 3.Minerals 4.Rocks 5.Igneous rocks 6.Volcanism 7.Weathering & erosion 8.Sediments and Sedimentary rocks 9.Metamorphic.
How The Earth Works. Earth: Basic Facts 150 million km from Sun (93 million miles) Diameter, just under 13,000 km (8,000 mi.) Density: 5.5 g/cc (5500.
How The Earth Works. The Solid Earth Earth Systems External Effects (Astronomical) Atmospheric Circulation Oceanic Circulation Hydrologic Cycle Rock.
Earth From Space. Introduction The science of geology Geologic time The nature of scientific inquiry Earth as a system Early evolution of Earth Dynamic.
Introduction to Earth Science Chapter 1
Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology.
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Geology
Earth Science – Discuss earth science and its relation to the environment.
Introduction to Geology Phil Murphy 1.
The Study of Earth Science
The science of Geology Geology is the science that pursues an understanding of planet Earth Physical geology - examines the materials composing Earth.
Cycles of the Earth. EARTH RECYCLES ALL MATTER FORMING ITS OUSIDE LAYERS –Analyze cycles based on the “reservoirs” that hold matter and the movement of.
Climate Systems Chapter 15. Clicker Question What is the approximate CO 2 content of the atmosphere? –A % (40 ppm) –B. 0.04% (400 ppm) –C. 0.4%
X Prelude: What is Geology? Nature of the scientific method - Class discussion X Overview of Earth Systems X Origin of the Earth and Solar System Nebular.
Science  A process of observing and studying things around you.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Chapter 3 The Dynamic Earth 3.1 The Geosphere.
Earth Science. Major Themes Density Convection Plate Tectonics Surface Processes Evolution.
Is there Money in Science? Meteorologist - $54,000/yr Geologist - $55,000/yr Geophysicist - $106,000/yr Idaho 1st Year teacher - $31,500/yr Astronomer-
How The Earth Works. The Solid Earth Earth Systems External Effects (Astronomical) Atmospheric Circulation Oceanic Circulation Hydrologic Cycle Rock.
Planet Earth Movement of the Crust What are Landforms? How are Landforms Shaped?
Geologic Time and Earth History. Two Conceptions of Earth History: Catastrophism Assumption: Great Effects Require Great Causes Earth History Dominated.
The Study of Earth Science
Environmental Science
Unit 9 Geological Time. Unit 9 Title Page Geological Time – Unit 9 Earth Space Science 6 th grade.
A Short Look at Earth History. Formation of Sun Formation of Universe: 13 billion years Formation of Galaxy: 11 billion Years Formation of Solar System:
Geography of Canada Planet Earth. 1.Geologic History 2.Plate Tectonics 3.Continental Drift 4.Earth’s Interior 5.Rock Cycle.
The Changing Earth Vocab Rocks and Minerals Weathering Potpourri
ISP Astronomy Gary D. Westfall1Lecture 9 Earth as Planet The Earth is a medium size planet with a diameter of 12,756 kilometers (7926 miles) Composed.
Chapter 1: Intro to Physical Geology
Write Re-phrase Do Not Write. What is Earth Science?  Earth Science: The study of Earth (land, oceans, and atmosphere) and its’ neighbors in space.
1 Plate Tectonics 5 November 2015 Chapter 17 Great Idea: The entire Earth is still changing, due to the slow convection of soft, hot rocks deep within.
VENUS. “Twin” or “Sister” planet of the earth  similar size, mass, density; interior should also be similar with iron core, mantle, crust But totally.
The Earth and Its Forces Geography2.1. Goals…  Is the Earth’s surface made up of more water or land?  Describe how the Earth’s surface is shaped by.
Earth Astronomy 311 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 12.
The Rock Cycle Thinking about relationships among the major rock groups.
Continental drift and plate tectonics. Continental Drift Modern scientists consider the age of the Earth to be around 4.54 billion years Over that time.
Changing Nature of the Earth’s Surface. What evidence do fossils give us about change over time? Scientific evidence indicates that the Earth is composed.
CALIFORNIA Science Content Standards Grade 6-Focus on Earth Science As compiled by Mr. Holsinger.
GEOLOGY Explore how our Earth’s surface is constantly changing. OLD RAG, VA.
What is Earth Science?. 4 Branches of Earth Science Astronomy Oceanography Meteorology Geology.
Unit 1: Earth Science – Lesson 1a Nature of Science EEn (Chapter 1) NC Earth Science Essential Standards EEn. 1.1 – Explain the Earth’s role as a.
Unit 1 intro to Earth science review
10 the asthenosphere. the crust. the mantle. the core.
Visualizing Earth Science
What is Earth Systems???.
Geologic Time and Earth History
Earth’s Systems I can develop a model to describe the cycling of Earth’s materials and the flow of energy that drives this process. MS-ESS2-1.
Plate Tectonics Evolution of the Earth.
Geologic Time and Earth History
Planet Earth Geography of Canada.
Geography of Canada Plate Tectonics Geography of Canada
The Earth.
Geologic Time and Earth History
Methods for Determining the Relative and Absolute Age of Rocks
SCIENCE GRADE SEVEN – EARTH MATTERS
Geography of Canada Plate Tectonics Geography of Canada
What is out there for you.
An Introduction to Earth Science
Introduction to Earth Science
Geography of Canada Plate Tectonics Geography of Canada
Presentation transcript:

How The Earth Works

The Solid Earth

Earth Science Geology – Solid Earth Much Larger than Other Parts – Many More Kinds of Materials – Preserves a History Meteorology – Climatology Oceanography Astronomy – Planetary Geology

Earth Systems External Effects (Astronomical) Atmospheric Circulation Oceanic Circulation Hydrologic Cycle Rock Cycle Plate Tectonics

Earth Systems

Convection

Earth and the Universe Rotation (Day-Night) Lunar (Tides) Annual (Seasons) Precession and Orbit Variations (Ice Ages?) Galactic? (250 m.y. period) Unpredictable Events – Nearby Supernovae – Meteor Impacts Long-Term Evolution of Sun

Atmospheric Circulation

1905 Weather Map

Rotation Effects

Not a Manifestation of the Coriolis Effect! Too small scale for the Coriolis Effect to be significant

Early Map of Gulf Stream

Surface Currents

Thermohaline Circulation

Hydrologic Cycle

Water Principal Agent in Modifying Earth’s Surface Medium for Storing and Distributing Global Heat The Universal Solvent – Essential for Life – Destructive to Rocks Lowers Melting Point of Rocks Reduces Strength of Rocks Under Pressure

The Rock Cycle

Plate Tectonics Outer Crust of Earth Moves a Few cm/yr Driven by Convection in Earth’s Interior Accounts For: – Earthquakes – Volcanoes – Mountain-Building (Orogeny) Configuration of Continents

Plate Tectonics

Some Unique Aspects of Geology Importance of Relationships Sequential Spatial Importance of Time Distinctive Problems of Evidence Slow Rates Rare Events Destruction of Evidence Inaccessibility

Some Geologic Rates Cutting of Grand Canyon 2 km/3 m.y. = 1 cm/15 yr Uplift of Alps 5 km/10 m.y. = 1 cm/20 yr. Opening of Atlantic 5000 km/180 m.y. = 2.8 cm/yr. Uplift of White Mtns. (N.H.) Granites 8 km/150 m.y. = 1 cm/190 yr.

Some Geologic Rates Movement of San Andreas Fault 5 cm/yr = 7 m/140 yr. Growth of Mt. St. Helens 3 km/30,000 yr = 10 cm/yr. Deposition of Niagara Dolomite 100 m/ 1 m.y.? = 1 cm/100 yr.

Some Unique Aspects of Geology (Continued) Reliance on Inference and Deduction Intrinsically "Unsolvable" Problems: Mostly where Physical Evidence is Gone Ancient Landscapes Mass Extinctions Ancient Ocean Basins

Scientific Principles in Geology Parsimony (K.I.S.S.): No ad hoc explanations Superposition: Young processes overprint older ones Uniformitarianism: Continuity of Cause and Effect Using these, plus observation, we establish facts about Earth Processes

Superposition: Mindoro Cut, Wisconsin

Geologic Map

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2024 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.